Anti-money-laundering law began as a recordkeeping statute aimed at banks and has become a compliance obligation that reaches lawyers, real estate closers, car dealers, art galleries, and any business that takes large cash payments. This article explains the architecture: what must be reported, by whom, on what trigger, and what happens when a report is not filed. It covers the reporting regime, the customer diligence rules, and the beneficial ownership obligations that pushed disclosure down to small companies. It then covers structuring, the offense of arranging transactions to avoid reporting, which catches more ordinary people than money laundering itself ever has. It closes with the enforcement pattern, the constitutional limits on forfeiture and penalties, and what a workable program actually looks like for a business that is not a bank.