When a congregation splits, the fight is almost never about theology in court; it is about who holds the deed. This article explains how American courts resolve religious organization disputes without deciding religious questions. It traces the doctrine from Watson v. Jones through Presbyterian Church and Milivojevich to the neutral principles approach of Jones v. Wolf. It explains why polity determines outcome, how denominational trust clauses work and when they fail, and what the ministerial exception does to employment claims. It closes with the documents that decide these cases and what a congregation can do now to avoid ever litigating one.