The penalties for pirating intellectual property are not scaled to what the copied work costs; they are scaled to a deterrence-driven statutory design that Congress deliberately set far above market value. This UpLaw research guide maps the full field of consequences across four regimes—copyright, trademark counterfeiting, patent, and trade secret—naming the statutes and the cases that convert abstract rules into six- and seven-figure judgments and federal prison terms. It walks through copyright's per-work statutory damages under 17 U.S.C. 504(c), criminal infringement under 17 U.S.C. 506 and the NET Act, the 2020 streaming felony, criminal counterfeiting under 18 U.S.C. 2320, and trade-secret theft under the Defend Trade Secrets Act and the Economic Espionage Act. It explains secondary liability—how contributory, vicarious, and Grokster inducement theories put a business on the hook for infringement it never committed—and the border, platform, and discovery mechanisms that turn "anonymous" piracy into a named defendant. Worked hypotheticals with invented parties show how the rules land, and inline cross-references connect the analysis to UpLaw's deeper resources on registration, DMCA safe harbors, and trade-secret programs. The aim is an honest map of exposure, not legal advice.