Opinion · Supreme Court of the United States

Philadelphia & Reading Railway Co. v. Hancock

Phila. & Reading Ry. Co. v. Hancock, 253 U.S. 284 (1919)

Type
Opinion
Court
Supreme Court of the United States
Jurisdiction
Federal
Date
1919-10-15
Topic
general

How later courts describe this case

  • concluding, without reference to the purpose or liberal construction of the FELA, that a worker engaged - 23 - exclusively in local transport of goods destined for another state was "engaged in interstate commerce"
  • intrastate movement was in interstate commerce when there was no interruption of movement and the goods always continued toward points as originally intended
  • coal was in the course on interstate commerce when it left the mine, since there was no interruption of the movement and coal always continued toward points as originally intended
  • discussing first intrastate leg of interstate coal route
  • last intrastate leg of interstate package delivery

Citator

UpLaw has not yet analyzed Philadelphia & Reading Railway Co. v. Hancock. The absence of a flag is not a finding that it is good law.

Cited by
75 opinions

Headnotes

  1. Workers' Compensation & SSDI — Federal Employers' Liability Act — Interstate Commerce Under the Federal Employers' Liability Act, a railway employee is employed in interstate commerce if any of the cars in the train he is operating contain interstate freight, and the nature of the employment is a question of law where the essential facts are not in dispute. 253 U.S. at 285
  2. General — Interstate Commerce — Transportation of Goods — Commencement of Interstate Movement Coal loaded in cars that are destined, as shown by instruction cards or memoranda delivered to the conductor at the mine, for ultimate delivery to consignees in another State is in the course of interstate transportation from the moment the cars leave the mine, even though the first movement is only to a nearby yard where the cars are gathered into a train for further shipment, where the movement is continuous and uninterrupted toward the original out-of-state destinations. 253 U.S. at 286-287
  3. General — Interstate Commerce — Determining Character of Shipment Whether a shipment is interstate in character turns on whether it is but a step in the transportation of goods to real and ultimate destinations in another State, not on the point at which the goods are weighed and billed to specific consignees. 253 U.S. at 287
PHILA. READ. RY. CO.v. HANCOCK,253 U.S. 284(1920)
40 S.Ct. 512
PHILADELPHIA READING RAILWAY COMPANYv. HANCOCK.
ERROR AND CERTIORARI TO THE SUPREME COURT OF THE STATE OF PENNSYLVANIA.
No. 415.
Argued March 2, 1920.
Decided June 1, 1920.
Cars of coal destined beyond the State, as shown by memoranda delivered to the conductor at the mine, were moving from the mine to a yard, where they were to be gathered into a train and thence moved some miles to a weighing station, there to be weighed and billed to specific consignees in another State, the freight charges to be assessed and paid from mine to consignee.Held, in applying the Federal Employers' Liability Act, that the first movement was part of an interstate movement. P. 286.264 Pa. 220, reversed.
THE case is stated in the opinion.
Mr. George Gowen Parryfor plaintiff in error and petitioner.Mr. Hannis Taylorfor defendant in error and respondent.Page 285
MR. JUSTICE McREYNOLDS delivered the opinion of the court.
The judgment below affirmed an award for respondent under the Workmen's Compensation Act of Pennsylvania, granted because of the death of her husband from an accident while in the petitioner's employ as a trainman.

After a writ of error had been sued out we allowed a writ of certiorari. The former must be dismissed; the case is properly here upon the latter.

If, when the accident occurred, the husband was employed in commerce between States the challenged judgment must be reversed. And he was so employed if any of the cars in his train contained interstate freight. Employers' Liability Act, April 22, 1908, c. 149,35 Stat. 65;St. Louis, San Francisco Texas Ry. Co. v.Seale,229 U.S. 156,161;New York Central Hudson River R.R.Co. v.Carr,238 U.S. 260;New York Central R.R. Co. v.Winfield,244 U.S. 147;New York Central R.R. Co. v.Porter,249 U.S. 168;Southern Pacific Companyv.IndustrialAccident Commission,251 U.S. 259.

The essential facts are not in controversy; the nature of the employment, therefore, is a question of law.

The duties of the deceased never took him out of Pennsylvania; they related solely to transporting coal from the mines. When injured he belonged to a crew operating a train of loaded cars from Locust Gap Colliery to Locust Summit Yard, two miles away. The ultimate destination of some of these cars was outside of Pennsylvania. This appeared from instruction cards or memoranda delivered to the conductor by the shipping clerk at the mine. Each of these referred to a particular car by number and contained certain code letters indicating that such car with its load would move beyond the State.

Pursuing the ordinary course these cars were hauled toPage 286Locust Summit Yard and placed upon appropriate tracks; there the duties of the first crew in respect of them terminated. Later, having gathered them into a train, another crew moved them some ten miles to Shamokin Scales where they were inspected, weighed and billed to specifically designated consignees in another State. In due time they passed to their final destinations over proper lines. Freight charges at through rates were assessed and paid for the entire distance beginning at the mine.

Respondent maintains that the coal in cars ticketed for transportation as above described did not become part of interstate commerce until such cars reached Shamokin Scales and were there weighed and billed. But we think former opinions of this court require the contrary conclusion. The coal was in the course of transportation to another State when the cars left the mine. There was no interruption of the movement; it always continued towards points as originally intended. The determining circumstance is that the shipment was but a step in the transportation of the coal to real and ultimate destinations in another State.Coev.Errol,116 U.S. 517;RailroadCommission of Ohiov.Worthington,225 U.S. 101,108;TexasNew Orleans R.R. Co. v.Sabine Tram Co.,227 U.S. 111,124,126;Railroad Commission of Louisianav.Texas Pacific Ry.Co.,229 U.S. 336,341;Baer Brothers Mercantile Co. v.Denver Rio Grande R.R. Co.,233 U.S. 479.

The judgment of the court below is reversed and the cause remanded for further proceedings not inconsistent with this opinion.Reversed.

MR. JUSTICE CLARKE dissents.Page 287