Citizens United and the Road Ahead for Federal Campaign Finance Reform

36 questions on citizens united and the road ahead for federal campaign finance reform, answered and cited by the UpLaw editorial team.

• Are there constitutional limits on requiring disclosure of political donors?
• Can Congress overturn Citizens United by passing a statute?
• Can coordination rules be tightened without defying Citizens United?
• Did Citizens United create dark money?
• Did Citizens United create the Super PAC?
• Did Citizens United uphold the campaign disclosure requirements?
• Did the Supreme Court hold that “money is speech”?
• Has the Supreme Court's narrow definition of corruption held?
• How did the Supreme Court treat McCain-Feingold before Citizens United?
• Is public financing of campaigns constitutional?
• What can a corporation legally do to support a candidate today?
• What can and cannot a Super PAC do?
• What did Bellotti and MCFL decide about corporate political speech?
• What did Buckley v. Valeo establish?
• What did Citizens United NOT decide?
• What did Citizens United v. FEC actually decide?
• What did Justice Stevens argue in dissent?
• What did McCutcheon v. FEC decide?
• What does the evidence show about the effects of Citizens United?
• What is an “electioneering communication” under McCain-Feingold?
• What is “dark money”?
• What is “redboxing,” and does it count as coordination?
• What is the difference between a campaign contribution and an expenditure?
• What is the difference between a PAC, a Super PAC, and a 501(c)(4)?
• What is the difference between disclosure and disclaimer requirements?
• What is the difference between express advocacy and issue advocacy?
• What is the difference between hard money and soft money?
• What is the difference between independent and coordinated spending?
• What is the DISCLOSE Act?
• What limits on political money still remain after Citizens United?
• What was the antidistortion rationale, and what happened to it?
• What was the majority's reasoning in Citizens United?
• What would a constitutional amendment on campaign finance have to do?
• Where is campaign-finance law most likely to change next?
• Why did the Supreme Court decide Citizens United so broadly?
• Why is regulating campaign money constitutionally difficult?