Opinion · Texas Supreme Court
Grand Prairie Independent School District v. Vaughan
33 Tex. Sup. Ct. J. 608
- Type
- Opinion
- Court
- Texas Supreme Court
- Jurisdiction
- Texas
- Date
- 1990-06-20
- Topic
- general
holding that it was ―clear from reading the entire affidavit‖ that the affiant was testifying from personal knowledge | holding that failure to affirmatively show that affiant had personal knowledge is defect in form that must be preserved in trial court | concluding that appellant’s complaint that an affiant lacked personal knowledge was waived for failure to object in the trial court | holding that it was “clear from reading the entire affidavit” that affiant was testifying from personal knowledge | holding that it was “clear from reading the entire affidavit” that affiant was testifying from personal knowledge | holding that failure to affirmatively show that affiant had personal knowledge is defect in form and must be preserved in trial court | holding that failure to affirmatively show that affiant had personal knowledge is defect in form that must be preserved in trial court | holding that alleged defects in summary judgment affidavit were defects of form | noting that failure to object to a defect of form in an affidavit results in waiver of the objection | stating that summary judgment affidavit need not recite the phrase “personal knowledge,” if affidavit is clear that affiant is testifying based on personal knowledge | stating that an objection that an affidavit is not based on personal knowledge is a defect of form | noting that failure to object to a defect of form in an affidavit results in waiver of the objection | stating that an objection that an affidavit is not based on personal knowledge is a defect of form | noting that failure to object to a defect of form in an affidavit results in waiver of the objection | stating that an objection that an affidavit is not based on personal knowledge is a defect of form | noting that failure to object to defects in form resulted in waiver | stating objection based on affidavit = s failure to explicitly state that it was based on personal knowledge and that witness was competent was waived by failure to object in the trial court | stating objection based on affidavit = s failure to explicitly state that it was based on personal knowledge and that witness was competent was waived by failure to object in the trial court | stating objection based on affidavit = s failure to explicitly state that it was based on personal knowledge and that witness was competent was waived by failure to object in the trial court | failure to object to the form of the affidavit on the ground that it does not show personal knowledge results in waiver of the complaint. | party’s failure to object to defects in form of summary judgment affidavit resulted in waiver | “The term ‘on or about’ means a date of approximate certainty, with a possible variance of a few days.” | "The term 'on or about' means a date of approximate certainty, with a possible variance of a few days." | lack of personal knowledge objection must be raised and ruled on in trial court | lack of personal knowledge objection must be raised and ruled on in trial court | failure to object to defects in form results in waiver | lack of personal knowledge is defect in form
Citator
- Cited by
- 55 opinions
This is a summary judgment case. In May 1986, Joe E. Vaughan entered into a contract for a teaching position for the 1986-87 school year with Grand Prairie Independent School District that required him to file with the Personnel Director all certificates mandated under state law “either before the opening of school if appropriate and/or before the first payroll check is issued.” The contract further provided that failure to file these certificates within the prescribed time period would render the contract void. Under state law, Vaughan was required to file a certificate showing he had passed the Texas Examination of Current Administrators and Teachers (TECAT). Having failed the TECAT twice prior to the beginning of the school year, Vaughan was unable to provide this certificate. The District notified Vaughan he would not be hired due to his failure to provide the required certification. Approximately six weeks after school opened, Vaughan informed the District he had passed the TECAT and requested his prior teaching position. The District, having filled the position, declined his request. *945 Vaughan then filed suit for breach of contract.
At trial, the District filed a motion for summary judgment on the ground that the contract was void because Vaughan failed to file his TECAT certificate prior to the opening of school or before the first payroll check was issued. The District proffered, as its only summary judgment proof, the affidavit of Don Pennock stating:
I am the Assistant Superintendent in charge of Personnel for the Grand Prairie Independent School District and was so employed at the time the incidents upon which this lawsuit is based occurred. ... [Sjchool opened for students on Sept. 2, 1986. The first payroll check was issued on or about Sept. 26, 1986.... I know that Joe Vaughan failed to provide the District with a valid teaching contract prior to the beginning of the 1986-87 school year_ I further know that, on or about Oct. 20, 1986, more than 6 weeks after the beginning of the 1986-87 school year, Vaughan informed the District that he had passed the TECAT exam. I further have knowledge that, prior to being told on Oct. 20, 1986 Mr. Vaughan had passed the exam, the District, through myself as director of personnel, [was forced to hire a replacement for Vaughan],
The trial court granted the District’s motion for summary judgment. The court of appeals, however, reversed the trial court’s judgment and remanded the cause for trial. 784 S.W.2d 474. The court of appeals concluded that the District failed to meet its summary judgment burden as a matter of law because: (1) the affidavit did not affirmatively show that Pennock had personal knowledge and was competent to testify as to when the first paycheck was issued; and (2) the terms “on or about Sept. 26” created a question of fact as to whether Vaughan submitted his TECAT certificate before the first paycheck was issued.
It is clear from reading the entire affidavit that Pennock was testifying from personal knowledge and was competent to testify regarding the matters stated. Even if these elements were not shown on the face of the affidavit, Vaughan’s failure to object to these defects in form resulted in waiver. See Tex.R.Civ.P. 166a(e); General Production Co. v. Black Coral Inv., 715 S.W.2d 121, 122-23 (Tex.App.—Houston [14th Dist.] 1986, writ ref d n.r.e.). The affidavit also makes clear that the first day of school was September 2; that the first paycheck was issued on or about September 26; and that Vaughan submitted his TECAT certificate on October 20. Vaughan never raised an issue over the specific dates set out in the affidavit. The term “on or about” means a date of approximate certainty, with a possible variance of a few days. See Black’s Law Dictionary 564 (5th ed.1979); see also State v. Metzger, 199 Neb. 186, 256 N.W.2d 691, 692 (1977). We hold that Pennock’s affidavit, by alleging that the first paycheck was issued on or about September 26 and that Vaughan filed his TECAT certificate on October 20, conclusively established that Vaughan failed to submit his credentials within the time allotted in the contract. Accordingly, the District was entitled to summary judgment. See City of Houston v. Clear Creek Basin Authority, 589 S.W.2d 671, 675 (Tex.1979).
The court of appeals’ decision conflicts with Tex.R.Civ.P. 166a(e) and our decision in Clear Creek. Without hearing oral argument, a majority of the court reverses the judgment of the court of appeals and affirms that of the trial court. See Tex.R. App.P. 133(b).