Pacific Gas & Electric Co. v. Savage

error in excluding defense evidence harmless where substance of excluded evidence was eventually allowed into evidence | error in excluding defense evidence harmless where substance of excluded evidence was eventually allowed into evidence | multiple bank fraud charges were not multiplicitous where they related to a series of fraudulently obtained loans | each time an identifiable sum of money is obtained by a specific fraudulent transaction, there is likely to be a separate execution of a scheme to defraud | officer may use deadly force where he has probable cause to believe that the suspect "poses a significant threat of death or serious physical injury to the officer" | officer may use deadly force where he has probable cause to believe that the suspect “poses a significant threat of death or serious physical injury to the officer” | in order to prove knowledge based on alleged “willful blindness,” it must be shown that the defendant was aware of a high probability of the fact in question and deliberately avoided learning the fact; mere negligence is not enough | limiting the reasonableness inquiry to the moments force was used | limiting the reasonableness inquiry to the moments force was used | conspiracy may be a continuing. agreement