Opinion · Supreme Court of the United States

New York State Rifle & Pistol Assn., Inc. v. City of New York

N.Y. State Rifle & Pistol Assn., Inc. v. City of N.Y., 140 S. Ct. 1525 (2020)

Type
Opinion
Court
Supreme Court of the United States
Jurisdiction
Federal
Date
2020-04-27
Topic
general

holding that a request for declaratory and injunctive relief was mooted by amendment of the statute | holding that case became moot where 7 USCA4 Appeal: 21-1079 Doc: 41 Filed: 06/02/2022 Pg: 8 of 13 statutory amendments had provided the relief sought | holding that claims seeking “declaratory and 18 MARTINEZ V. NEWSOM injunctive relief against enforcement” of New York City rule were moot after the rule had been amended | holding that the case became moot once the challenged statute changed during the appeal process, and declining to rule on the propriety of the updated statue or consider alternative forms of relief not requested in the complaint | holding that case became moot when statutory amendments provided the relief sought | holding that case became moot when statutory amendments provided the relief sought | holding that case became moot when statutory amendments provided the relief sought | holding that the case became moot once the challenged statute changed during the appeal process, and declining to rule on the propriety of the updated statue or consider alternative forms of relief not requested in the complaint | holding that the case became moot once the challenged statute changed during the appeal process, and declining to rule on the propriety of the updated statue or consider alternative forms of relief not requested in the complaint | finding mootness where petitioners received “the precise relief [they] requested in the prayer for relief in their complaint” | finding mootness where petitioners received “the precise relief [they] requested in the prayer for relief in their complaint” | finding claims for injunctive and declaratory relief in Second Amendment case moot, but remanding for lower courts to “consider whether petitioners may still add a claim for damages” | deeming claims moot where, during the Supreme Court’s review, the State of New York amended the challenged statute in a way that provided the challengers with the equitable relief they requested in their complaint | declining to allow plaintiffs to avoid mootness by adding a damages claim | vacating judgment as moot 6 where New York City amended its laws to grant “the precise relief that petitioners requested in 7 the prayer for relief in their complaint” notwithstanding requests for declaratory and injunctive 8 relief from future constitutional violations | case moot after state legislature amended statute challenged by plaintiffs amounting to precise relief plaintiffs sought in their complaint | after licensing statute amended, Court vacated appealed decision, remanded, and “[did] not decide [the plaintiffs’] dispute about the new rule” | courts should not “countenance[]” “manipulat[ion]” of mootness doctrine by government officials to avoid judicial review | a 4 claim for relief is moot when a change in law grants the “precise relief that petitioners requested 5 in the prayer for relief in their complaint” | September 12, 2022; M.A.A. was required to pay $50,000 for release, even though she is an indigent mother of three who had never been arrested before; no findings of ability to pay or necessity of detention | New York State’s amendment to its firearm licensing statute rendered case moot | “After 1 we granted certiorari, the State of New York amended its firearm licensing statute, and 2 the City amended the rule . . . . Petitioners’ claim for declaratory and injunctive relief 3 with respect to the City’s old rule is therefore moot.” | “After 8 we granted certiorari, the State of New York amended its firearm licensing statute, and 9 the City amended the rule . . . . Petitioners’ claim for declaratory and injunctive relief 10 with respect to the City’s old rule is therefore moot.” | “After 1 we granted certiorari, the State of New York amended its firearm licensing statute, and 2 the City amended the rule . . . . Petitioners’ claim for declaratory and injunctive relief 3 with respect to the City’s old rule is therefore moot.” | “We are aware t

Citator

Cited by
41 opinions
Per Curiam.

*1526In the District Court, petitioners challenged a New York City rule regarding the transport of firearms. Petitioners claimed that the rule violated the Second Amendment. Petitioners sought declaratory and injunctive relief against enforcement of the rule insofar as the rule prevented their transport of firearms to a second home or shooting range outside of the city. The District Court and the Court of Appeals rejected petitioners' claim. See 883 F.3d 45 (C.A.2 2018). We granted certiorari. 586 U.S. ----, 139 S.Ct. 939, 203 L.Ed.2d 130 (2019). After we granted certiorari, the State of New York amended its firearm licensing statute, and the City amended the rule so that petitioners may now transport firearms to a second home or shooting range outside of the city, which is the precise relief that petitioners requested in the prayer for relief in their complaint. App. 48. Petitioners' claim for declaratory and injunctive relief with respect to the City's old rule is therefore moot. Petitioners now argue, however, that the new rule may still infringe their rights. In particular, petitioners claim that they may not be allowed to stop for coffee, gas, food, or restroom breaks on the way to their second homes or shooting ranges outside of the city. The City responds that those routine stops are entirely permissible under the new rule. We do not here decide that dispute about the new rule; as we stated in Lewis v. Continental Bank Corp. , 494 U.S. 472, 482-483, 110 S.Ct. 1249, 108 L.Ed.2d 400 (1990) :

"Our ordinary practice in disposing of a case that has become moot on appeal is to vacate the judgment with directions to dismiss. See, e.g., Deakins v. Monaghan , 484 U.S. [193] at 204 [108 S.Ct. 523, 98 L.Ed.2d 529 (1988) ] ; United States v. Munsingwear, Inc. , 340 U.S. 36, 39-40 [71 S.Ct. 104, 95 L.Ed. 36] (1950). However, in instances where the mootness is attributable to a change in the legal framework governing the case, and where the plaintiff may have some residual claim under the new framework that was understandably not asserted previously, our practice is to vacate the judgment and remand for further proceedings in which the parties may, if necessary, amend their pleadings or develop the record more fully. See Diffenderfer v. Central Baptist Church of Miami, Inc. , 404 U.S. 412, 415 [92 S.Ct. 574, 30 L.Ed.2d 567] (1972)."

Petitioners also argue that, even though they have not previously asked for damages with respect to the City's old rule, they still could do so in this lawsuit. Petitioners did not seek damages in their complaint; indeed, the possibility of a damages claim was not raised until well into the litigation in this Court. The City argues that it is too late for petitioners to now add a claim for damages. On remand, the Court of Appeals and the District Court *1527may consider whether petitioners may still add a claim for damages in this lawsuit with respect to New York City's old rule. The judgment of the Court of Appeals is vacated, and the case is remanded for such proceedings as are appropriate.

It is so ordered.