Banerjee v. Board of Trustees of Smith College

treating § 1981 and Title VII as coextensive, the primary difference only in the scope of relief available under each statute | formulating the “relatively near to the time” fourth prong in a tenure denial case | requiring employer to articulate reason serves in part the purpose of “framing] the factual issue with sufficient clarity so that the plaintiff will have a full and fair opportunity to demonstrate pretext” | federal district court may order state court judge to confer with United States attorney because "ban on federal directives to state courts is not absolute...." | discriminatory employment complaint untimely; plaintiff failed to allege "additional overt discriminatory acts” in the limitations period | federal district court may order state court judge to confer with United States attorney because “ban on federal directives to state courts is not abso-lute_" | attempt by union to discharge Seventh Day Adventists for refusal to join or pay dues | attempt by union to discharge Seventh Day Adventists for refusal to join or pay dues | federal courts in section 1983 actions borrow applicable state statute of limitations | federal courts in section 1983 actions borrow applicable state statute of limitations | “A claim of undue hardship cannot be supported by merely conceivable or hypothetical hardships.... The magnitude as well as the fact of hardship must be determined by examination of the facts of each ease.” | "Disparate treatment of employees ... is not necessarily unreasonable." | upholding protest by Seventh Day Adventist against compelled union membership | “Disparate treatment of employees ... is not necessarily unreasonable.”