Commonwealth v. Miller

How later courts describe this case

• holding that the totality of the circumstances test also meets the requirements of Article I, Section 8 of our Pennsylvania Constitution
• holding this Court did not err in retroactively applying “common–sense, practical approach” to probable cause standards when affirming trial court’s denial of suppression motion
• relying on Illinois v. Gates, 462 U.S. 213, 103 S.Ct. 2317, 76 L.Ed.2d 527 (1983)
• finding "no substantial textual difference" between the Fourth Amendment and Article I, Section 8 that would justify maintaining a more stringent standard in Pennsylvania
• adopting the “totality of the circumstances” standard used in Illinois v. Gates for determining the validity of a warrant
• adopting the Gates analysis under Article I, Section 8 of the Pennsylvania Constitution
• adopting Gates as the test for search warrants under Article I, Section 8
• adopting probable cause test enunciated in Illinois v. Gates, 462 U.S. 213, 103 S.Ct. 2317, 76 L.Ed.2d 527 (1983): probable cause exists if there is fair probability that contraband or evidence of crime will be found in particular place