Monongahela Power Co. v. Public Utilities Commission

[Cite as Monongahela Power Co. v. Pub. Util. Comm., 

104 Ohio St.3d 571

, 

2004-Ohio-6896

.]




     MONONGAHELA POWER COMPANY, APPELLANT, v. PUBLIC UTILITIES
                     COMMISSION OF OHIO ET AL., APPELLEES.
  [Cite as Monongahela Power Co. v. Pub. Util. Comm., 

104 Ohio St.3d 571

,
                                   

2004-Ohio-6896

.]
Public utilities — Electric company — Competitive electric service — R.C.
        Chapter 4928 — Decisions of Public Utilities Commission affirmed —
        Public Utilities Commission acted without authority when it adopted a
        stipulation that Monongahela Power Company’s market-development
        period would end early — Commission did not err in later ordering the
        market-development period to continue.
(No. 2004-0305 — Submitted October 26, 2004 — Decided December 30, 2004.)
  APPEAL from the Public Utilities Commission of Ohio, No. 03-1104-EL-ATA.
                                    ____________
        LUNDBERG STRATTON, J.
                                     Background
        {¶ 1} This is an appeal as of right by Monongahela Power Company
(“Mon Power”) from decisions of the Public Utilities Commission of Ohio in In
the Matter of the Application of the Monongahela Power Co. for Approval of a
Market-Based Standard Serv. Offer & Competitive Bidding Process (Oct. 22,
2003) case No. 03-1104-EL-ATA 

2003 WL 22472140

 (the “MBSSO case”).
Mon Power was the applicant, and Industrial Energy Users-Ohio (“IEU”) was an
intervening party in the MBSSO case. IEU has also intervened as an appellee in
this appeal.
        {¶ 2} The legal backdrop for this appeal is Am.Sub.S.B. No. 3, 148 Ohio
Laws, Part IV, 7962, 7992 (“S.B.3”), codified primarily at R.C. 4928.01 et seq.,
which restructures Ohio’s electric-utility industry so as to achieve retail
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competition in the generation component of electric-utility service. Under S.B.3,
utilities supplying electric service in Ohio were required to file transition plans for
approval by the commission. R.C. 4928.31. Key to these transition plans were
the unbundling of the three main components of electric service – generation,
transmission, and distribution – and developing a “rate unbundling plan.” R.C.
4928.31(A)(1). The unbundled retail rates, including rates for generation service,
were capped and frozen for a limited transition period known as the “market
development period” (“MDP”). After that period, a utility is entitled to charge
market-based retail-generation rates that permit it to recover its cost of purchasing
power at wholesale for resale to its customers. R.C. 4928.14.
         {¶ 3} On June 22, 2000, in its restructuring case, Mon Power entered
into a settlement agreement, styled a “Stipulation and Recommendation” (“the
Stipulation”), with the commission’s staff and with representatives of Mon
Power’s Ohio retail customers. The Stipulation purported to resolve all issues
pertinent to Mon Power’s statutorily required transition plan. The commission
approved the Stipulation in its October 5, 2000 opinion and order in its case No.
00-02-EL-ETP 

2000 WL 1873291

 (the “ETP1 Order”).
         {¶ 4} On April 24, 2003, Mon Power filed an application in the MBSSO
case, seeking commission approval of a market-based standard service offer and a
competitive bidding process to follow the MDP, which Mon Power asserts ended
December 31, 2003. On July 24, 2003, the commission issued an order allowing
Mon Power to solicit bids for power to serve its large commercial, industrial, and
street-lighting customers. Mon Power then conducted the bidding process. Only
two qualifying bids were received, the lower of which was from an affiliate of
Mon Power.




1. ETP stands for Electric Transition Plan.




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                                January Term, 2004




       {¶ 5} On October 22, 2003, the commission issued an order in the
MBSSO case (“the MBSSO Order”) denying approval of the winning bid and
requiring Mon Power to continue its MDP to December 31, 2005, based on a
finding that neither of the controlling statutory conditions for early ending of the
MDP had been satisfied. Mon Power then filed an application for rehearing,
which was denied on December 17, 2003. This appeal ensued.
                           MDP and its Early Ending
       {¶ 6} While the subject of this appeal is the MBSSO Order issued on
October 22, 2003, we must consider the ETP Order and the Stipulation that the
commission approved in the ETP Order. In addition, we must focus on the
meanings of the Stipulation’s provisions.
       {¶ 7} Central to this appeal is whether the Stipulation approved by the
commission in the ETP Order shortened Mon Power’s MDP with respect to its
large commercial and industrial customers. The MDP is a statutorily defined
term: “ ‘Market development period’ for an electric utility means the period of
time beginning on the starting date of competitive retail electric service and
ending on the applicable date for that utility as specified in section 4928.40 of the
Revised Code, irrespective of whether the utility applies to receive transition
revenues under this chapter.”      R.C. 4928.01(A)(17).       The starting date of
competitive retail electric service was January 1, 2001. R.C. 4928.01(A)(29).
Thus, Mon Power’s MDP began on that date.
       {¶ 8} The end of the MDP is also specified by statute.                   R.C.
4928.40(B)(2) provides:
       {¶ 9} “For purposes of this chapter, the market development period shall
not end earlier than December 31, 2005, unless, upon application by an electric
utility, the commission issues an order authorizing such earlier date for one or
more customer classes as is specified in the order, upon a demonstration by the
utility and a finding by the commission of either of the following:




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        {¶ 10} “(a) There is a twenty per cent switching rate of the utility’s load
by the customer class.
        {¶ 11} “(b) Effective competition exists in the utility’s certified territory.”
        {¶ 12} Based on these statutory provisions, we conclude that Mon
Power’s MDP could end no later than December 31, 2005, but that it could end
earlier if pertinent criteria are met.
        {¶ 13} Mon Power argues that the commission approved an early end of
its MDP as to its large commercial and industrial customers when, in the ETP
Order, the commission approved the Stipulation that provided in Section IV: “For
customers on the Company’s Rate Schedule C with a demand greater than 300
kW, Rate Schedules CSH, D, K, P, and street lighting, the market development
period shall be a three year period and end December 31, 2003.” (Emphasis
added.) Mon Power further asserts: “Section IV of the Stipulation recognized that
R.C. 4928.40(B)(2) provides that the market development period may not end
earlier than December 31, 2005, unless, upon application by the electric utility,
the Commission authorizes an earlier termination date for one or more customer
classes based upon either a finding of a 20 percent switching rate of load by the
customer class or that effective competition exists in the utility’s certified
territory.   Accordingly, in § IV of the Stipulation, Mon Power made an
application to end the market development period early for its large commercial
and industrial customers.”
        {¶ 14} Mon Power argues that by adopting the Stipulation in its ETP
Order, the commission approved the early ending of the MDP for large
commercial and industrial customers with no contingency involving future
proceedings or future findings by the commission. Mon Power bases its argument
on the observation that Section IV of the Stipulation provides that the MDP for
small (300kW and below) commercial customers was not shortened and that, in
order to end the MDP for those customers early, Mon Power would have to make




                                           4
                                January Term, 2004




separate application in the future under R.C. 4928.40(B)(2): “For either Schedule
B customers and/or Schedule C customers having demands of 300 kW and below,
the market development period can be terminated at any time by the Company
making a filing with the Commission showing a 20% switching rate or effective
competition.” Mon Power argues that since the Stipulation contains a specific
qualification of further commission approval to shorten the MDP for small
commercial customers but does not impose such a qualification on Mon Power to
shorten the MDP for its large commercial and industrial customers, no such
qualification exists.
        {¶ 15} Mon Power argues further that the only qualification on the
commission’s approval of the transition plan and the Stipulation in the ETP case
was final approval of Mon Power’s compliance tariffs and that Mon Power
distributed its proposed compliance tariffs to all of the parties in the ETP case,
including the commission’s staff, for their review. The tariff sheets distributed for
review and subsequently approved by the commission “expressly provided that
the default retail electric generation services offered to large commercial and
industrial customers would end December 31, 2003 – at the end of the market
development period for those customers.”
        {¶ 16} The commission and intervening appellee IEU contend that the
commission’s approval of Section IV of the Stipulation in the ETP Order did not
have the effect of authorizing a shortened MDP for Mon Power’s large
commercial and industrial customers.          They contend that the commission’s
approval not only did not have that effect, it simply could not have had that effect.
        {¶ 17} They argue correctly that the only way the MDP can be ended
before December 31, 2005, is by compliance with R.C. 4928.40(B)(2). That
statutory provision contains four steps: (1) an application by the electric utility to
shorten the MDP; (2) a demonstration by the utility that (a) there is a 20 percent
switching rate of the utility’s load by the customer class or (b) effective




                                          5
                             SUPREME COURT OF OHIO




competition exists in the utility’s service territory; (3) based on the utility’s
demonstration, a commission finding of the requisite switching rate or effective
competition; and (4) based on such finding, a commission order authorizing a
shortened MDP.
       {¶ 18} The commission readily concedes that Section IV of the
Stipulation evidences that Mon Power took the first step to shorten its MDP for
large commercial and industrial customers. In Section IV of the Stipulation, Mon
Power made application to the commission for approval of a shortened MDP: “By
this Stipulation, Monongahela Power, supported by the other Signatory Parties,
applies to the Commission for authorization of a market development period
termination date for industrials and large commercial customers of December 31,
2003, based upon agreement to forego the recovery of transition costs beyond that
date (see Ohio Revised Code §4928.38).”
       {¶ 19} The next requisite statutory step is a demonstration by the utility
that either effective competition exists or there is a 20 percent customer switching
rate. However, there is nothing in the Stipulation or in the ETP Order indicating
that Mon Power made a showing of the existence of the requisite competition or
switching rate. Indeed, Mon Power could not have made such a showing because
the ETP Order was issued October 5, 2000, almost three months prior to the
starting date of competitive retail electric service on January 1, 2001, as provided
in R.C. 4928.01(A)(29).     Thus, at the date of the ETP Order, there was no
competitive retail electric service. Mon Power could not have demonstrated the
existence of effective competition, and the commission could not have made a
finding of the existence of any competition, much less the existence of effective
competition. Moreover, at the date of the ETP Order, the certified-territory law
was still in effect, outlawing competition and making it illegal for customers to
switch to other providers of electric-generation service.




                                         6
                                January Term, 2004




       {¶ 20} The commission argues that the statutorily required demonstration
of a 20 percent switching rate or the existence of effective competition speaks in
the present tense.    Mon Power, on the other hand, argues that the second
paragraph of R.C. 4928.40(A) provides the factors that the commission must
consider in determining the subjective condition of “[e]ffective competition” as
used in R.C. 4928.40(B) and that each of those factors is capable of determination
before the start date for actual competition. According to Mon Power, “[i]ndeed,
two of the three factors – transition costs and shopping incentives – are statutorily
required to be addressed in the utility’s transition plan. See R.C. 4928.34(A)(12);
R.C. 4928.37; Ohio Admin. Code § 4901:1-20-03.”
       {¶ 21} Mon Power argues that, considering the factors mentioned in the
second paragraph of R.C. 4928.40(A), the commission could and, in fact, did
determine in the Stipulation approved in the ETP Order that the effective
competition prescribed in R.C. 4928.40(B) could be determined before the start of
actual competition.
       {¶ 22} As to the requisite switching or effective competition, we consider
the commission’s position more plausible and persuasive than Mon Power’s.
       {¶ 23} Mon Power’s position is the only one it can take as to the
requirements of R.C. 4928.40(B). Yet it ignores the fact that R.C. 4928.40(B)
contains two requisites. The first is that a 20 percent switching rate or effective
competition must be demonstrated by the utility. Mon Power has failed to show
how it made any such demonstration either in the Stipulation approved in the ETP
Order or by way of testimony or evidence presented in the proceedings resulting
in the MBSSO Order. The second requisite is a finding by the commission of a
20 percent switching rate or effective competition. The commission made no
finding about the 20 percent switching rate or competition in its ETP Order, and
in its MBSSO Order, it made specific findings that they did not occur.




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                            SUPREME COURT OF OHIO




       {¶ 24} Therefore, we conclude as follows:        The only way that Mon
Power’s MDP for large commercial and industrial customers could have been
ended before December 31, 2005, was by compliance with R.C. 4928.40.
Furthermore, although Mon Power properly applied to the commission for
authority to end the MDP at an earlier date, Mon Power failed to demonstrate to
the commission that the requisite switching rate or effective competition had been
or would be achieved by any given date, and the commission did not find that the
requisite switching rate or effective competition had been achieved by December
31, 2003. Indeed, in the MBSSO Order, the commission specifically found that
the requisite switching rate or effective competition had not been achieved.
       {¶ 25} Mon Power professes that as of the date of the ETP Order and
continuing to the present, its corporate belief has been that the ETP Order had the
effect of ending its MDP for large commercial and industrial customers as of
December 31, 2003. We are also convinced that the commission believed that its
ETP Order had that effect. The commission said so in the ETP Order. Moreover,
the commission approved Mon Power’s compliance tariffs that said so, and on the
day of the ETP Order, the commission issued a press release that contained the
following statement: “Under the terms of the stipulation, which was adopted in
the order, the market development period ends for large customers (industrial and
large commercial) on December 31, 2003, and for small customers (residential
and small commercial) on December 31, 2005.”
       {¶ 26} Nevertheless, to the extent that Section IV of the Stipulation
approved by the commission in the ETP Order can be considered an order
authorizing the early end of Mon Power’s MDP, that order was premature. It was
based upon an optimistic assumption that the requisite levels of the switching rate
or effective competition would be achieved by December 31, 2003, an assumption
that proved to be unwarranted, making any such order ending the MDP




                                         8
                              January Term, 2004




unenforceable because the order exceeded the statutory authority of the
commission.
       {¶ 27} We conclude that, as a matter of law, the ETP Order did not end
Mon Power’s MDP as to its large commercial and industrial customers before
December 31, 2005.
                       Mon Power’s Other Arguments
       {¶ 28} Mon Power argues that the commission was bound by its decision
in the ETP Order that Mon Power’s MDP for its large commercial and industrial
customers would end on December 31, 2003. Therefore, asserts Mon Power, the
commission erred when it extended the MDP in the MBSSO Order. Mon Power’s
argument that the commission was bound by the ETP Order is based on estoppel,
the Contracts Clause of the United States Constitution, and issue preclusion.
Application of these doctrines to the facts, however, is based upon the premise
that the ETP Order created a legally binding early termination of Mon Power’s
MDP for its large commercial and industrial consumers.          Since we have
determined that the commission had no authority to enter into such an agreement
contrary to the statute, the consideration of these theories is moot. Therefore,
none of the legal doctrines suggested by Mon Power have application under the
facts before us.
                              Standard of Review
       {¶ 29} R.C. 4903.13 provides that a commission order shall be reversed,
vacated, or modified by this court only if, upon consideration of the record, the
court finds the order to be unlawful or unreasonable.       Under this statutory
standard, “this court will not reverse or modify a PUCO decision as to questions
of fact where the record contains sufficient probative evidence to show the
PUCO’s determination is not manifestly against the weight of the evidence and is
not so clearly unsupported by the record as to show misapprehension, mistake or
willful disregard of duty.” AT&T Communications of Ohio, Inc. v. Pub. Util.




                                       9
                              SUPREME COURT OF OHIO




Comm. (2000), 

88 Ohio St.3d 549, 555

, 

728 N.E.2d 371

, citing MCI
Telecommunications Corp. v. Pub. Util. Comm. (1988), 

38 Ohio St.3d 266, 268

,

527 N.E.2d 777

. This court has consistently refused to substitute its judgment for
that of the commission on evidentiary matters. AK Steel Corp. v. Pub. Util.
Comm. (2002), 

95 Ohio St.3d 81, 84

, 

765 N.E.2d 862

. As the court noted in AK
Steel (a case that also addressed the electric-utility transition issues for a different
electric utility), the appellant bears the burden of demonstrating that the
commission’s decision is against the manifest weight of the evidence or is clearly
unsupported by the record. Id. at 86, 

765 N.E.2d 862

. This burden is difficult to
sustain because the court has consistently found it proper to defer to the
commission’s judgment in matters that require the commission to apply its
specialized expertise and discretion, as it did below, with regard to factual matters
now on appeal. Cincinnati Bell Tel. Co. v. Pub. Util. Comm. (2001), 

92 Ohio St.3d 177, 179-180

, 

749 N.E.2d 262

; AT&T Communications of Ohio, Inc. v. Pub.
Util. Comm. (1990), 

51 Ohio St.3d 150, 154

, 

555 N.E.2d 288

; Cleveland Elec.
Illum. Co. v. Pub. Util. Comm. (1976), 

46 Ohio St.2d 105, 107-108

, 

75 O.O.2d 172

, 

346 N.E.2d 778

.
        {¶ 30} “ Due deference should be given to statutory interpretations by an
agency that has accumulated substantial expertise and to which the General
Assembly has delegated enforcement responsibility.” Weiss v. Pub. Util. Comm.
(2000), 

90 Ohio St.3d 15, 17-18

, 

734 N.E.2d 775

, citing Collinsworth v. W. Elec.
Co. (1992), 

63 Ohio St.3d 268, 272

, 

586 N.E.2d 1071

.
        {¶ 31} To the extent that Mon Power’s assertions of error are directed at
factual determinations of the commission, Mon Power has failed to show that the
record so lacked sufficient probative evidence as to show misapprehension,
mistake, or willful disregard of duty on the part of the commission or that the
commission’s determinations were against the manifest weight of the evidence.
To the extent that Mon Power’s assertions of error are directed at the




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                                     January Term, 2004




commission’s exercise of discretion or judgment based on the commission’s
expertise, Mon Power has failed to convince us that this court should substitute its
judgment for that of the commission.
                                          Conclusion
        {¶ 32} Based on the foregoing, we conclude that the decisions of the
commission were reasonable and lawful, and we therefore affirm them.
                                                                           Decisions affirmed.
        RESNICK, F.E. SWEENEY, O’CONNOR and O’DONNELL, JJ., concur.
        MOYER, C.J., dissents.
        PFEIFER, J., dissents.
                                   __________________
        MOYER, C.J., dissenting.
        {¶ 33} I respectfully dissent from the majority’s conclusion that the Public
Utilities Commission lacked the authority to make an order ending Monongahela
Power’s (“Mon Power’s”) market-development period (“MDP”) as to its large
commercial and industrial customers on December 31, 2003. The commission
had the authority, pursuant to R.C. 4928.40, to make such an order and did in fact
make such an order when it approved the Stipulation and Recommendation (“the
Stipulation”) in its October 5, 2000 Opinion and Order (the “ETP Order”).
        {¶ 34} Compliance with R.C. 4928.40(B)(2)2 is required before a utility
company’s MDP can be terminated prior to December 31, 2005. As the majority
states, “That statutory provision contains four steps: (1) an application by the


2.. {¶a} R.C. 4928.40(B)(2) provides:
    {¶b} “For purposes of this chapter, the market development period shall not end earlier than
December 31, 2005, unless, upon application by an electric utility, the commission issues an order
authorizing such earlier date for one or more customer classes as is specified in the order, upon a
demonstration by the utility and a finding by the commission of either of the following:
   {¶c} “(a) There is a twenty per cent switching rate of the utility’s load by the customer class.
   {¶d} “(b) Effective competition exists in the utility’s certified territory.”




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                                  SUPREME COURT OF OHIO




electric utility to shorten the MDP; (2) a demonstration by the utility that (a) there
is a 20 percent switching rate of the utility’s load by the customer class or (b)
effective competition exists in the utility’s service territory; (3) based on the
utility’s demonstration, a commission finding of the requisite switching rate or
effective competition; and (4) based on such finding, a commission order
authorizing a shortened MDP.”
        {¶ 35} The majority finds that Mon Power took the first step3 but
ultimately concludes that the other three steps were not taken and in fact could not
have been taken in the instant case. According to the majority, “There is nothing
in the Stipulation or in the ETP Order indicating that Mon Power made a showing
of the existence of the requisite competition* * *.” Moreover, the majority
reasons that Mon Power could not have demonstrated the existence of effective
competition because the ETP Order was issued before the starting date of
competitive retail electric service,4 at a time when the certified-territory law—a
law that outlawed competition and customer switching—was in effect.
        {¶ 36} However, in reaching this conclusion, the majority fails to account
for the explanation of “effective competition” that is set forth in R.C. 4928.40(A).
R.C. 4928.40(A) provides:
        {¶ 37} “Factors the commission shall consider in prescribing the
expiration date of the utility’s market development period and the transition
charge for each customer class and rate schedule of the utility include, but are not


3. Mon Power applied to the commission for approval of a shortened MDP in Section IV of the
Stipulation. That section provides: “By this Stipulation, Monongahela Power, supported by the
other Signatory Parties, applies to the Commission for authorization of a market development
period termination date for industrials and large commercial customers of December 31, 2003,
based upon the agreement to forego the recovery of transition costs beyond that date (see Ohio
Revised Code § 4928.38).”

4. R.C. 4928.01(A)(29) provides that the “ ‘[s]tarting date of competitive retail electric service’
means January 1, 2001, except as provided in division (C) of this section.” This date marks the
beginning of the MDP. See R.C. 4928.01(A)(17).




                                                12
                                January Term, 2004




limited to, the total allowable amount of transition costs of the electric utility as
determined under section 4928.39 of the Revised Code; the relevant market price
for the delivered supply of electricity to customers in that customer class and, to
the extent possible, in each rate schedule as determined by the commission; and
such shopping incentives by customer class as are considered necessary to induce,
at the minimum, a twenty per cent load switching rate by customer class halfway
through the utility’s market development period but not later than December 31,
2003.”
         {¶ 38} The three factors enumerated in R.C. 4928.40(A) provide guidance
as to what constitutes “effective competition.” Significantly, each of these factors
is capable of determination before the starting date of competitive retail electric
service. Moreover, two of the factors—transition costs and shopping incentives—
must be addressed in the utility’s transition plan. See R.C. 4928.34(A)(12); R.C.
4928.37(A)(1); Ohio Adm.Code 4901:1-20-03.
         {¶ 39} Thus, R.C. 4928.40(A) negates the conclusion that a demonstration
of effective competition cannot be made before the starting date of competitive
retail electric service. Pursuant to R.C. 4928.40(A), a utility need not wait for the
MDP to produce desired competitive results; rather, the utility can demonstrate
the existence of effective competition by showing that a supporting framework for
competition is in place. This demonstration can be made as part of the utility’s
transition plan. Therefore, the commission has the authority to prospectively end
the MDP at the time it approves the utility’s transition plan and to do so based on
the utility’s inclusion of a framework for competition in the transition plan.
         {¶ 40} In the instant case, Mon Power demonstrated that effective
competition, as that term is defined in R.C. 4928.40(A), existed in its certified
territory. Section IV of the Stipulation states that the basis for Mon Power’s
application for termination of the MDP as of December 31, 2003, was its
“agreement to forego the recovery of transition costs beyond that date.” The




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                             SUPREME COURT OF OHIO




“total allowable amount of transition costs” is one of the factors set forth in R.C.
4928.40(A) that the commission is required to consider in determining whether
effective competition exists in the utility’s certified territory.     Thus, R.C.
4928.40(A) directly supports the proposal in the Stipulation that the early end of
the MDP be authorized based on Mon Power’s agreement to forgo transition
costs.
         {¶ 41} Next, the commission met the third requirement of 4928.40(B)(2)
and found that effective competition existed in Mon Power’s certified territory.
In the ETP Order, the commission recognized that the Stipulation altered Mon
Power’s transition plan by terminating both the MDP and regulatory-transition
charges for Mon Power’s industrial and large commercial customers as of
December 31, 2003. The commission also acknowledged that the Stipulation
“substantially reduces the amount of regulatory assets that the company will
recover through its RTC [regulatory transition charge].”
         {¶ 42} After making these acknowledgments, the commission, in a section
of the ETP Order entitled “Findings of Fact and Conclusions of Law,” found,
“The company’s transition plan, as modified by the Stipulation, satisfies the
requirements of S.B. 3,” which includes R.C. 4928.40(B)(2). By finding that the
Stipulation complied with the relevant statutory provisions, the commission found
that Mon Power’s agreement to forgo recovery transition costs, as set forth in the
Stipulation, was a sufficient basis for prescribing an early end to the MDP.
         {¶ 43} Finally, the ETP Order states that “[Mon Power’s] transition plan
and Stipulation filed on January 3, 2000, and June 22, 2000, are approved to the
extent set forth in this Opinion and Order.” By approving the Stipulation, the
commission approved Mon Power’s application in Section IV of the Stipulation to
terminate the MDP for certain of its customer classes on December 31, 2003.
Therefore, the issuance of the ETP order satisfied the fourth requirement of R.C.
4928.40(B)(2).




                                        14
                                January Term, 2004




       {¶ 44} Because the requirements set forth in R.C. 4928.40(B)(2) were
satisfied, I would hold that the commission authorized the early termination of
Mon Power’s MDP with respect to its large commercial and industrial customers
as part of the ETP Order.
                               __________________
       PFEIFER, J., dissenting.
       {¶ 45} I would hold that the Public Utilities Commission (“PUCO”) had
the authority to and did enter into a stipulation with Monongahela Power
Company (“Mon Power”) to end early the market-development period for certain
of Mon Power’s customer classes. The fact that PUCO does not like the deal it
entered into does not mean it was without authority to enter into it. Still, despite
the result, it is refreshing to see PUCO admit that its power has limits.
                              ___________________
       Gary A. Jack; Porter, Wright, Morris & Arthur, L.L.P., Kathleen M.
Trafford, Daniel R. Conway, and Jay A. Yurkiw, for appellant.
       Jim M. Petro, Attorney General, Duane W. Luckey, Senior Deputy
Attorney General Thomas G. Lindgren and Thomas W. McNamee, Assistant
Attorneys General, for appellee Public Utilities Commission of Ohio.
       McNees, Wallace & Nurick, L.L.C., Samuel C. Randazzo, Lisa G.
McAlister and Daniel J. Neilsen, for intervening appellee, Industrial Energy
Users-Ohio.
                               __________________




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