Opinion · Supreme Court of the United States

Everhart v. Huntsville College

Everhart v. Huntsville Coll., 120 U.S. 223 (1887)

Type
Opinion
Court
Supreme Court of the United States
Jurisdiction
Federal
Date
1887-01-31
Topic
general

How later courts describe this case

  • clarifying that the pleadings must assert the citizenship of the parties “at the time the suit was brought”
  • finding that the averment of plaintiff’s residence was “not enough . . . for the purposes of jurisdiction,” which “depends alone on the citizenship of the parties”

Citator

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Cited by
40 opinions

Headnotes

  1. Federal Courts & Jurisdiction — Diversity Jurisdiction An averment that a party in a bill of equity "resides" in a state is not an averment that the party is a citizen of that state, and therefore does not establish the citizenship of the parties necessary to confer subject-matter jurisdiction on a Circuit Court of the United States. 120 U.S. 223 (citing Continental Ins. Co. v. Rhoads, 119 U.S. 237; Peper v. Fordyce, 119 U.S. 469)
  2. Federal Courts & Jurisdiction — Appellate Jurisdiction Where the jurisdiction of a Circuit Court depends upon the citizenship of the parties, and the record on appeal to this court fails to show the requisite citizenship, this court will, on its own motion, reverse the judgment and remand the cause; and where the failure to establish jurisdiction is attributable to a particular party, that party will be adjudged to pay the costs of the appeal. 120 U.S. 223
  3. Federal Courts & Jurisdiction — Amendment of Pleadings When a cause is remanded because the record fails to show the citizenship necessary for jurisdiction, it is for the Circuit Court to determine whether an amendment of the pleadings should be allowed to cure the defect, if on the return of the case it is made to appear that the requisite citizenship existed at the time the suit was brought. 120 U.S. 223
EVERHART v. HUNTSVILLE COLLEGE,120 U.S. 223(1887)
7 S.Ct. 555
EVERHARTv. HUNTSVILLE COLLEGE.
CLAYv. HUNTSVILLE COLLEGE.
APPEALS FROM THE CIRCUIT COURT OF THE UNITED STATES FOR THE NORTHERN
DISTRICT OF ALABAMA.
Argued January 20, 1887.
Decided January 31, 1887.
An averment that the complainant in a bill of equity "resides" in a state is not an averment that he is a citizen of the state, so as to give a Circuit Court of the United States jurisdiction over the subject-matter by reason of citizenship of the parties. When the jurisdiction of a Circuit Court depends upon the citizenship of the parties, and that court takes jurisdiction and renders judgment, and the record in this court in error or on appeal fails to show the requisite citizenship, the judgment will be reversed and the case remanded by this court on its own motion, and the party in default adjudged to pay costs here.
THESE two causes were argued and submitted together. The case is stated in the opinion of the court.
Mr. Milton Humesfor appellant Everhart.Mr. Samuel F. Ricefor appellant Clay.Mr. John D. Brandonfor appellees.Mr. D.D. ShelbyandMr. L.P. Walker, also for appellees, submitted on their brief.
MR. CHIEF JUSTICE WAITE delivered the opinion of the court.
These are appeals from a decree dismissing the original bill and a cross-bill in a suit begun in the Circuit Court of the United States for the Northern District of Alabama, by George M. Everhart against the Huntsville Female Academy, George W.F. Price, Martha T. Rison, Myra J. Erwin, Robert M. Erwin, William H. Erwin, Joseph B. Erwin, and Marcus A. Erwin, and in which Hugh L. Clay, as administratorde bonis nonof Abraham R. Erwin, deceased, was afterwardsPage 224added as a defendant, but on looking into the record we find no sufficient evidence of the jurisdiction of the Circuit Court, which depends alone on the citizenship of the parties. It is stated in the original bill that Everhart is a resident of Wisconsin, and the same fact is also shown by the testimony, but this, as it has often been held, is not enough. An averment of residence is not the equivalent of an averment of citizenship for the purposes of jurisdiction in the courts of the United States. According to the pleadings the Huntsville Female Academy is an Alabama corporation, and the other defendants are residents of either Alabama or Tennessee. The decree dismissing both the original and cross-bills is reversed, because the record fails to show the jurisdiction of the Circuit Court, but as the fault rests alone on Everhart, the complainant in the original bill, whose duty it was to put on record the facts necessary to show the jurisdiction, the reversal will be at his costs in this court. This whole subject has already been considered twice during the present term; once inContinental Ins. Co. v.Rhoads,119 U.S. 237, and again inPeperv.Fordyce,119 U.S. 469. The reasons for our judgment sufficiently appear in the opinions delivered in those cases. If on the return of the case to the Circuit Court it is made to appear that the citizenship necessary for the jurisdiction existed at the time the suit was brought, it will be for that court to determine whether an amendment of the pleadings ought to be allowed, so as to cure the present defects.The decree of the Circuit Court is reversed, at the costs ofthe appellant Everhart, and the cause remanded for furtherproceedings not inconsistent with this opinion.Page 225