Marshall v. Mathews

How later courts describe this case

• minority population should be 65 percent of the total population in a district in order for the minority group to have the ability to elect candidates of its choice
• failure to protect prison inmate from other inmates actionable under § 1983 where prison official’s conduct amounts to deliberate or reckless indifference to prisoner’s safety
• it was an abuse of discretion for the district court to fail to use a 65% super majority in fashioning a remedy because it failed to give the minority group a realistic opportunity to elect a representative of its choice
• minority population of 65% required to ensure fair opportunity to elect