Villa-Chaparro v. United States

How later courts describe this case

• holding that the arresting officer “acted reasonably in detaining Defendant for five minutes from the time he stopped Defendant ... and for an additional thirty-eight minutes while he waited for the canine unit to arrive.”
• extended detention of almost forty minutes spent waiting for a drug-sniffing dog did not violate the Fourth Amendment
• “ ‘[one] recurring factor supporting a finding of reasonable suspicion ... is the inability of a defendant to provide proof that he is entitled to operate the vehicle he is driving.’ ”