Murray v. Cable National Broadcasting Co.

How later courts describe this case

• rejecting Lopez challenge to § 1955 and upholding congressional findings linking illegal gambling to interstate commerce
• stating that § 2J1.3(c)(1) does not require that perjury be committed “in respect to an adjudicated offense ... so long as the defendant knew or had reason to know, at the time of his perjury, that his [perjury] concerned such a criminal offense”
• upholding 18 U.S.C. § 1955, which prohibits inter alia intrastate illegal gambling activities
• framing issues before court as whether: “[1] the benefits promised to the [employees] vested at the time they retired, and [2] the benefits were not subject to any modification or termination provision”