Shokrian v. Carroll

How later courts describe this case

• interpreting a similar amendment to the MM & P Pension Plan
• payment of bribes by lawyers depleted aggregate ability to purchase law books and office supplies that moved in interstate commerce
• sufficient effect where payment of bribes left lawyers less money to spend on envelopes, stationery, and law books from out of state
• Circuit Court of Cook County affected commerce by buying goods to operate and by affecting lawyers and litigants
• evidence of bribes received on other occasions admissible to show common plan
• approving undercover sting operation targeting judicial misconduct by staging cases