Opinion · Supreme Court of the United States

Fort Smith Light & Traction Co. v. Bourland

Fort Smith Light & Traction Co. v. Bourland, 267 U.S. 330 (1925)

Type
Opinion
Court
Supreme Court of the United States
Jurisdiction
Federal
Date
1925-03-02
Topic
general

Me. Justice Brandéis delivered the opinion of the Court. . The Fort Smith Light & Traction Company owns and operates in that city a street railway system with about 22 miles of line. Included in the system is a line extending, for a third of a mile, on Greenwood Avenue. Under the law of Arkansas, a street railway is not permitted to abandon any part of.'its line without leave of the city commission which exercises the powers of a public utility commission.

Citator

UpLaw has not yet analyzed Fort Smith Light & Traction Co. v. Bourland. The absence of a flag is not a finding that it is good law.

Cited by
41 opinions

Headnotes

  1. Constitutional Law — Due Process An order requiring a street railway company to continue operating part of its line, even though that portion is unremunerative and would require practical rebuilding at great expense to conform to a street grade change, and even though the system as a whole under existing rates is not earning a fair return, is not inherently arbitrary and does not violate the due process clause of the Fourteenth Amendment; a public utility cannot, because of loss, escape obligations voluntarily assumed. 267 U.S. at 332
  2. Energy & Utilities Law — Regulation — Duty to Serve A railway may be compelled to continue service on a branch or part of a line even though its operation involves a loss, and the fact that the company must make a large expenditure in relaying its tracks does not render such an order void, nor does the expected deficit from operation affect its validity — this is true even where the system as a whole fails to earn a fair return upon the value of the property. 267 U.S. at 332
  3. Energy & Utilities Law — Franchise Obligations Although a utility that is not bound by contract cannot be compelled to continue operating its system at a loss and may be at liberty to surrender its franchise and discontinue operations, the Constitution does not confer upon the company the right to continue to enjoy its franchise or indeterminate permit while escaping the burdens incident to its use. 267 U.S. at 332
FORT SMITH TRACTION CO.v. BOURLAND,267 U.S. 330(1925)
45 S.Ct. 249
FORT SMITH LIGHT TRACTION COMPANYv. BOURLAND ET AL., CITY COMMISSIONERS
OF THE CITY OF FORT SMITH, ARKANSAS.
ERROR TO THE SUPREME COURT OF THE STATE OF ARKANSAS.
No. 220.
Argued January 22, 1925.
Decided March 2, 1925.
An order in effect requiring a street railway company to continue operating a part of one of its lines, though it was unremunerative and must be practically rebuilt at great expense to conform to a change of street grade, and though the railway as a whole, under existing rates, was not earning a fair return,heldnot arbitrary and not violative of the due process clause of the Fourteenth Amendment. P. 332.160 Ark. 1, affirmed.
ERROR to a judgment of the Supreme Court of Arkansas which
affirmed a judgment dismissing a bill brought by the Traction
Company to set aside an order made by the
Page 331
City Commissioners denying it leave to abandon a part of one of
its lines. The opinion is here printed as amended by an order of
April 27, 1925, which also denied a petition for rehearing.
Mr. R.M. Campbell, with whomMr. Joseph M. HillandMr.Henry L. Fitzhughwere on the brief, for plaintiff in error.Mr. Sam R. Chew, Mr. Harry P. DailyandMr. Geo. W. Doddappeared for defendants in error.
MR. JUSTICE BRANDEIS delivered the opinion of the Court.
The Fort Smith Light Traction Company owns and operates in that city a street railway system with about 22 miles of line. Included in the system is a line extending, for a third of a mile, on Greenwood Avenue. Under the law of Arkansas, a street railway is not permitted to abandon any part of its line without leave of the city commission which exercises the powers of a public utility commission. The company applied to that board for leave to abandon the line on Greenwood Avenue because it was, and would be, unremunerative. It appeared, among other things, that the city had concluded to change the grade of Greenwood Avenue; that in accepting its franchise the company had agreed to conform to the city ordinances; that these required a street railway, in case of any change in the grade of a street, to make the grade of the tracks conform thereto; that the cost of so relaying the tracks on Greenwood Avenue was estimated at $11,000; that the allocated daily earnings of this small part of the system were $2.40, the cost of operating it $8.25; and that the total net earnings of the system in 1922 were $16,000, which amount is about 1.7 per cent. of $934,540, the estimated value of the property. ThePage 332request to abandon the Greenwood Avenue line was denied. This suit was then brought in a court of the State to set aside the order on the ground, among others, that it deprived the company of its property in violation of the due process clause of the Fourteenth Amendment. The trial court denied the relief sought. Its judgment was affirmed by the highest court of the State.160 Ark. 1. The case is here on writ of error under § 237 of the Judicial Code.

The Greenwood Avenue line had been in operation nearly twenty years. No change in conditions had supervened which required the commission to permit the abandonment, unless it were the fact that this particular part of the system was being operated at a loss; that continued operation would involve practical rebuilding of that part of the line; that such rebuilding would entail a large expenditure; and that the system as a whole was not earning a fair return upon the value of the property used and useful in the business. The order complained of does not deal with rates. Nor does it involve the question of the reasonableness of service over a particular line. CompareAtlantic Coast Line R.R. Co. v.Corporation Commission,206 U.S. 1,23-27;RailroadCommissionv.Mobile Ohio R.R. Co.,244 U.S. 388. It merely requires continued operation. We cannot say that it is inherently arbitrary. A public utility cannot, because of loss, escape obligations voluntarily assumed.Milwaukee Electric Ry Co. v.Milwaukee,252 U.S. 100,105. The fact that the company must make a large expenditure in relaying its tracks does not render the order void. Nor does the expected deficit from operation affect its validity. A railway may be compelled to continue the service of a branch or part of a line, although the operation involves a loss.Missouri Pacific Ry. Co. v.Kansas,216 U.S. 262,279;Chesapeake Ohio RY. Co. v.Public ServiceCommission,242 U.S. 603,607. CompareRailroad CommissionPage 333v.Eastern Texas R.R. Co.,264 U.S. 79,85. This is true even where the system as a whole fails to earn a fair return upon the value of the property. So far as appears, this company is at liberty to surrender its franchise and discontinue operations throughout the city. It cannot, in the absence of contract, be compelled to continue to operate its system at a loss.Brooks-Scanlon Co. v.Railroad Commission of Louisiana,251 U.S. 396. But the Constitution does not confer upon the company the right to continue to enjoy the franchise or indeterminate permit and escape from the burdens incident to its use.Affirmed.