Opinion · Supreme Court of the United States

Chicago, Burlington & Quincy Railroad v. Osborne

Chi., Burlington & Quincy R.R. v. Osborne, 265 U.S. 14 (1924)

Type
Opinion
Court
Supreme Court of the United States
Jurisdiction
Federal
Date
1924-04-28
Topic
general

Mr. Justice Holmes delivered the opinion of the Court. These are bills in equity brought to restrain the collection of taxes upon the respective railroad companies for the year 1922 on the ground that the farm lands in Nebraska were systematically and intentionally undervalued while the railroad properties were valued at their full worth and more. After a hearing by three Judges sitting under § 266 of the Judicial Code, it was held that the plaintiffs “ had an adequate remedy at law under the statutes of the State of Nebraska in prosecuting error proceedings to the Supreme Court of the State of Nebraska ” and for that reason a preliminary injunction was denied. Appeals were taken and the correctness of the above ruling is the only question here.

Citator

UpLaw has not yet analyzed Chicago, Burlington & Quincy Railroad v. Osborne. The absence of a flag is not a finding that it is good law.

Cited by
44 opinions

Headnotes

  1. Civil Procedure — Adequacy of Legal Remedy — Equity Jurisdiction A state-law remedy is not adequate, and a case is cognizable by a federal district court in a suit for injunction, where railroad companies alleging systematic and intentional discrimination by a state board of assessment are limited to a writ of error from the state supreme court reviewable only for errors of law apparent on the face of a record prepared by the implicated board itself, with no supersedeas available pending review to prevent penalties against their agents for nonpayment of the tax. 265 U.S. at 15
  2. Civil Procedure — Equity Jurisdiction — Adequacy of State Remedies A remedy available only in the state courts is not sufficient to defeat federal equity jurisdiction where the relief it affords is inadequate. 265 U.S. at 16
  3. Civil Procedure — Equity Jurisdiction — Review of Administrative Assessments Where a charge of systematic and intentional discrimination in tax assessment is made against the assessing board, the dispute can be fully and fairly tried only by a court that may hear all competent evidence and is not bound by findings of the implicated board that rest on any evidence, however easily produced. 265 U.S. at 16
CHICAGO, B. Q.R.R.v. OSBORNE,265 U.S. 14(1924)
44 S.Ct. 431
CHICAGO, BURLINGTON QUINCY RAILROAD COMPANYv. OSBORNE, AS TAX
COMMISSIONER OF THE STATE OF NEBRASKA, ET AL.
CHICAGO NORTHWESTERN RAILWAY COMPANYv. OSBORNE, AS STATE TAX
COMMISSIONER OF THE STATE OF NEBRASKA, ET AL.
CHICAGO, ST. PAUL, MINNEAPOLIS OMAHA RAILWAY COMPANYv. OSBORNE, AS
STATE TAX COMMISSIONER OF THE STATE OF NEBRASKA, ET AL.
APPEALS FROM THE DISTRICT COURT OF THE UNITED STATES FOR THE DISTRICT OF
NEBRASKA.
Nos. 219, 224, 225.
Argued April 14, 15, 1924.
Decided April 28, 1924.
Where railroad companies, complaining of systematic and intentional discrimination by a state board in the assessment of taxes, were allowed no remedy by the state law other than a writ of error from the State Supreme Court to correct only errors of law apparent on the face of the record prepared by the board itself, with no supersedeas pending review to prevent infliction of penalties on their agents for failure to pay the tax,held, that the remedy was not adequate and that the case was cognizable by the District Court in suits for injunction. P. 15. Reversed.
APPEALS from decrees of the District Court which dismissed the
suits brought by the appellant companies to restrain collection
of state taxes, upon the ground that their remedy at law was
adequate.
Page 15
Mr. Bruce Scott, with whomMr. Timothy Byron Clark, Mr.Jesse L. Root, Mr. J.W. WeingartenandMr. J.C. Jameswere on the briefs, for appellant in No. 219.Mr. Wymer Dressler, with whomMr. R.L. Kennedy, Mr. R.N.Van Doren, Mr. James B. SheeanandMr. F.W. Sargentwere on the briefs, for appellants in Nos. 224 and 225.Mr. Geo. W. AyresandMr. Hugh La Master, Assistant Attorneys General of the State of Nebraska, with whomMr. O.S. Spillman, Attorney General, was on the briefs, for appellees.
MR. JUSTICE HOLMES delivered the opinion of the Court.
These are bills in equity brought to restrain the collection of taxes upon the respective railroad companies for the year 1922 on the ground that the farm lands in Nebraska were systematically and intentionally undervalued while the railroad properties were valued at their full worth and more. After a hearing by three Judges sitting under § 266 of the Judicial Code, it was held that the plaintiffs "had an adequate remedy at law under the statutes of the State of Nebraska in prosecuting error proceedings to the Supreme Court of the State of Nebraska" and for that reason a preliminary injunction was denied. Appeals were taken and the correctness of the above ruling is the only question here. It is not disputed that the proceedings in the Supreme Court of the State are purely judicial, so thatPrentisv.Atlantic CoastLine Co.,211 U.S. 210, does not apply to this case.Baconv.Rutland R.R. Co.,232 U.S. 134.Prendergastv.New YorkTelephone Co.,262 U.S. 43,48.

The Board of Equalization and Assessment equalizes the assessments of other property made in the CountiesPage 16and itself determines the assessments upon railroads. When it has made its final order it certifies it to the counties and the county treasurers thereupon issue distress warrants and notify agents of delinquent corporations to pay over all moneys of the corporation in their hands not exceeding the amount of the tax. A failure of the agent to do so is made a misdemeanor and is punished by a fine. There is no provision for a supersedeas pending proceedings before the Supreme Court, and none by which the plaintiffs can pay under protest and bring an action at law.Dawsonv.Kentucky Distilleries Warehouse Co.,255 U.S. 288,296,297. Yet if the Board is guilty of the conduct charged in the bill, the only remedy given by the statute is a writ of error to take to the Supreme Court a record prepared by the Board. Compiled Stats. 1922, § 5901.

If an action to recover the payment were allowed, the suit might be brought in the Courts of the United States, under the usual conditions, as well as in those of the State.SingerSewing Machine Co. v.Benedict,229 U.S. 481,486. But the writ of error of course can be sued out only in the State, and a remedy in the State Courts only has been held not to be enough.Smythv.Ames,169 U.S. 466,516.St. Louis-San Francisco Ry. Co. v.McElvain, 253 F. 123, 136.Franklinv.Nevada-CaliforniaPower Co., 264 F. 643, 645. That however is not the only objection. On a writ of error the Court is confined to the record. The most that it could do, it would seem, would be, if errors appeared on the face of the record, to set aside an excessive valuation and remit the matter to the same Board to try again, which is hardly satisfactory, if the Board is seeking to evade the law.United Statesv.Osage County,251 U.S. 128,133,134. When such a charge as the present is made it can be tried fully and fairly only by a Court that can hear any and all competent evidence, and that is not bound by findings ofPage 17the implicated board for which there is any evidence, always easily produced. We are of opinion that there is jurisdiction in equity over the case stated by the bill and that therefore the Judges "should dispose of the application for a temporary injunction on the merits and otherwise proceed with the suit in regular course."Union Pacific R.R. Co. v.Weld County,247 U.S. 282,287.Decrees reversed.