New York Vehicle & Traffic Law

Every section of the New York Vehicle & Traffic Law, in order — 990 sections. Source: NY Senate Open Legislation, current through November 4, 2026.

• N.Y. Veh. & Traf. Law § 405-g — Refunds
• N.Y. Veh. & Traf. Law § 405-h — Effect on reciprocal recognition of registrations and other reciprocity or proration agreements
• N.Y. Veh. & Traf. Law § 405-i — Regulatory authority
• N.Y. Veh. & Traf. Law § 406 — Bus taxation proration agreement
• N.Y. Veh. & Traf. Law § 407 — Administrator defined
• N.Y. Veh. & Traf. Law § 408 — Administration
• N.Y. Veh. & Traf. Law § 409 — Notice of withdrawal
• N.Y. Veh. & Traf. Law § 410 — Registration of motorcycles; fees; renewals
• N.Y. Veh. & Traf. Law § 410-a — Motorcycle safety program
• N.Y. Veh. & Traf. Law § 411 — Distinctive number; form of number plates
• N.Y. Veh. & Traf. Law § 411-a — Issuance of special number plates
• N.Y. Veh. & Traf. Law § 411-b — Registration fee schedule for historical motorcycles
• N.Y. Veh. & Traf. Law § 412 — Punishment for violation
• N.Y. Veh. & Traf. Law § 413 — Reciprocity agreements for the recognition of the agricultural truck registration class
• N.Y. Veh. & Traf. Law § 415 — Registration of manufacturers, dealers, repairmen and others
• N.Y. Veh. & Traf. Law § 415-a — Vehicle dismantlers and other persons engaged in the transfer or disposal of junk and salvage vehicles
• N.Y. Veh. & Traf. Law § 415-b — Local regulation of vehicle dismantlers in cities having a population in excess of one million
• N.Y. Veh. & Traf. Law § 415-c — Sale of salvaged inflatable restraint systems; restrictions
• N.Y. Veh. & Traf. Law § 416 — Limited use of dealer's, manufacturer's, and transporter's number plates by vendee or lessee
• N.Y. Veh. & Traf. Law § 416-a — Bumper quality label requirements
• N.Y. Veh. & Traf. Law § 416-b — Vehicle data recording devices
• N.Y. Veh. & Traf. Law § 417 — Certificates by retail dealers on sales of second hand motor vehicles
• N.Y. Veh. & Traf. Law § 417-a — Mandatory disclosures by sellers prior to resale
• N.Y. Veh. & Traf. Law § 417-b — Mandatory disclosures by second-hand dealers prior to resale
• N.Y. Veh. & Traf. Law § 417-c — Mandatory disclosures by sellers prior to resale
• N.Y. Veh. & Traf. Law § 418 — Punishment for violations
• N.Y. Veh. & Traf. Law § 419 — Recreational vehicle shows or exhibits
• N.Y. Veh. & Traf. Law § 419-a — Inflatable restraint system, required equipment upon sale
• N.Y. Veh. & Traf. Law § 420 — Transfer of registration
• N.Y. Veh. & Traf. Law § 420-a — Dealer issued temporary registration
• N.Y. Veh. & Traf. Law § 421 — Sale of motor vehicle, trailer or part thereof with changed identification number
• N.Y. Veh. & Traf. Law § 422 — Special vehicle identification numbers
• N.Y. Veh. & Traf. Law § 423 — Peace officers and their duties
• N.Y. Veh. & Traf. Law § 423-a — Enforcement procedures for insuring the retention of vehicle identification numbers on vehicles
• N.Y. Veh. & Traf. Law § 424 — Stolen or impounded motor vehicles
• N.Y. Veh. & Traf. Law § 425 — Repossession of motor vehicle or motorcycle; garageman's lien; notice to police
• N.Y. Veh. & Traf. Law § 426 — Punishment for making false statement; stolen vehicles
• N.Y. Veh. & Traf. Law § 427 — Disposition of registration fees
• N.Y. Veh. & Traf. Law § 428 — Refunds
• N.Y. Veh. & Traf. Law § 429 — Junk and salvage vehicles
• N.Y. Veh. & Traf. Law § 430 — Retail sale of junk and salvage vehicles
• N.Y. Veh. & Traf. Law § 431 — Vehicle identification numbers
• N.Y. Veh. & Traf. Law § 460 — Legislative findings
• N.Y. Veh. & Traf. Law § 461 — Short title
• N.Y. Veh. & Traf. Law § 462 — Definitions
• N.Y. Veh. & Traf. Law § 463 — Unfair business practices by franchisors
• N.Y. Veh. & Traf. Law § 464 — Obligations of dealers prior to delivery to retail buyers
• N.Y. Veh. & Traf. Law § 465 — Procedures relating to warranties and sales incentives
• N.Y. Veh. & Traf. Law § 466 — Unreasonable restrictions
• N.Y. Veh. & Traf. Law § 467 — Dealership facilities assistance upon termination, cancellation or nonrenewal
• N.Y. Veh. & Traf. Law § 468 — Preservation of consumer protection statutes
• N.Y. Veh. & Traf. Law § 469 — Private actions
• N.Y. Veh. & Traf. Law § 469-a — Powers of the commissioner
• N.Y. Veh. & Traf. Law § 470 — Construction of article
• N.Y. Veh. & Traf. Law § 471 — Notice requirement
• N.Y. Veh. & Traf. Law § 471-a — Adjudicatory proceedings
• N.Y. Veh. & Traf. Law § 471-b — Judicial review
• N.Y. Veh. & Traf. Law § 472 — Separability
• N.Y. Veh. & Traf. Law § 473 — Savings clause
• N.Y. Veh. & Traf. Law § 490 — Definition; application for and issuance of identification card
• N.Y. Veh. & Traf. Law § 491 — Period of validity of identification card; required fees
• N.Y. Veh. & Traf. Law § 492 — Duplicate identification card; change of address
• N.Y. Veh. & Traf. Law § 493 — Revocation of identification card
• N.Y. Veh. & Traf. Law § 494 — Administrative procedure
• N.Y. Veh. & Traf. Law § 495 — Prohibition against transfer
• N.Y. Veh. & Traf. Law § 498 — Interjurisdictional pre-arranged for-hire vehicle operation
• N.Y. Veh. & Traf. Law § 499 — Definition
• N.Y. Veh. & Traf. Law § 499-a — Metropolitan commuter transportation district supplemental registration fee
• N.Y. Veh. & Traf. Law § 499-b — Collection of supplemental fee
• N.Y. Veh. & Traf. Law § 499-c — Calculation of supplemental registration fee
• N.Y. Veh. & Traf. Law § 499-d — Deposit and disposition of revenue from supplemental fee
• N.Y. Veh. & Traf. Law § 500 — Application of this title
• N.Y. Veh. & Traf. Law § 501 — Drivers' licenses and learners' permits
• N.Y. Veh. & Traf. Law § 501-a — Definitions
• N.Y. Veh. & Traf. Law § 501-b — Additional restrictions on certain learners' permits and drivers' licenses
• N.Y. Veh. & Traf. Law § 502 — Requirements for licensing
• N.Y. Veh. & Traf. Law § 502-a — Determination of weights applicable to license requirements
• N.Y. Veh. & Traf. Law § 503 — Period of validity of drivers' licenses, learners' permits and applications; required fees
• N.Y. Veh. & Traf. Law § 504 — Form of license
• N.Y. Veh. & Traf. Law § 505 — Duplicate and amended licenses and permits; change of address
• N.Y. Veh. & Traf. Law § 506 — Reexamination of licensees
• N.Y. Veh. & Traf. Law § 507 — Miscellaneous provisions
• N.Y. Veh. & Traf. Law § 507-a — Special requirements for for-hire vehicle motor carriers and drivers; drugs and alcohol
• N.Y. Veh. & Traf. Law § 508 — Administrative procedures
• N.Y. Veh. & Traf. Law § 509 — Violations
• N.Y. Veh. & Traf. Law § 509-a — Definitions
• N.Y. Veh. & Traf. Law § 509-b — Qualifications of bus drivers
• N.Y. Veh. & Traf. Law § 509-bb — Reexamination of bus drivers
• N.Y. Veh. & Traf. Law § 509-c — Disqualification of bus drivers generally
• N.Y. Veh. & Traf. Law § 509-cc — Disqualification of drivers of school buses
• N.Y. Veh. & Traf. Law § 509-d — Qualification procedures for bus drivers, maintenance of files and availability to subsequent employers
• N.Y. Veh. & Traf. Law § 509-e — Annual review of driving record
• N.Y. Veh. & Traf. Law § 509-f — Record of violations
• N.Y. Veh. & Traf. Law § 509-g — Examinations and tests
• N.Y. Veh. & Traf. Law § 509-h — Operation by person not licensed to drive a bus
• N.Y. Veh. & Traf. Law § 509-i — Notification of a conviction resulting from a violation of this chapter in this state or a motor vehicle conviction in another state and ...
• N.Y. Veh. & Traf. Law § 509-j — Compliance required
• N.Y. Veh. & Traf. Law § 509-k — Ill or fatigued operator
• N.Y. Veh. & Traf. Law § 509-l — Drugs, controlled substances and intoxicating liquor
• N.Y. Veh. & Traf. Law § 509-m — Duties of the department
• N.Y. Veh. & Traf. Law § 509-n — Exempt carriers; reporting requirements
• N.Y. Veh. & Traf. Law § 509-o — Penalties
• N.Y. Veh. & Traf. Law § 509-p — Definitions
• N.Y. Veh. & Traf. Law § 509-q — Application for employment
• N.Y. Veh. & Traf. Law § 509-r — Investigations and inquiries
• N.Y. Veh. & Traf. Law § 509-s — Annual review of driving record
• N.Y. Veh. & Traf. Law § 509-t — Record of violations
• N.Y. Veh. & Traf. Law § 509-u — Commercial driver qualification files
• N.Y. Veh. & Traf. Law § 509-v — Investigation of motor carrier files
• N.Y. Veh. & Traf. Law § 509-w — Penalties
• N.Y. Veh. & Traf. Law § 509-x — Exemptions
• N.Y. Veh. & Traf. Law § 509-y — Rules and regulations
• N.Y. Veh. & Traf. Law § 509-z — Motor carrier information
• N.Y. Veh. & Traf. Law § 510 — Suspension, revocation and reissuance of licenses and registrations
• N.Y. Veh. & Traf. Law § 510-a — Suspension and revocation of commercial driver's licenses
• N.Y. Veh. & Traf. Law § 510-aa — Downgrade of commercial driver's licenses
• N.Y. Veh. & Traf. Law § 510-b — Suspension and revocation for violations committed during probationary periods
• N.Y. Veh. & Traf. Law § 510-c — Suspension and revocation of learner's permits and driver's licenses for violations committed by holders of class DJ or class MJ learner'...
• N.Y. Veh. & Traf. Law § 510-d — Suspension and revocation of class E driver's licenses
• N.Y. Veh. & Traf. Law § 511 — Operation while license or privilege is suspended or revoked; aggravated unlicensed operation
• N.Y. Veh. & Traf. Law § 511-a — Facilitating aggravated unlicensed operation of a motor vehicle
• N.Y. Veh. & Traf. Law § 511-b — Seizure and redemption of unlawfully operated vehicles
• N.Y. Veh. & Traf. Law § 511-c — Seizure and forfeiture of vehicles used in the unlicensed operation of a motor vehicle under certain circumstances
• N.Y. Veh. & Traf. Law § 511-d — Aggravated failure to answer appearance tickets or pay fines imposed
• N.Y. Veh. & Traf. Law § 512 — Operation while registration or privilege is suspended or revoked
• N.Y. Veh. & Traf. Law § 513 — Certificate of magistrate
• N.Y. Veh. & Traf. Law § 514 — Certifying convictions, forfeitures and nonappearances to the commissioner and recording convictions
• N.Y. Veh. & Traf. Law § 514-a — Notification of convictions, suspensions, revocations, cancellations and disqualifications by commercial motor vehicle operators
• N.Y. Veh. & Traf. Law § 514-b — Certification of convictions, suspensions, revocations and disqualifications
• N.Y. Veh. & Traf. Law § 514-c — Notification of non-resident commercial operator convictions
• N.Y. Veh. & Traf. Law § 515 — Alteration of convictions endorsed on licenses
• N.Y. Veh. & Traf. Law § 516 — Driver license compact
• N.Y. Veh. & Traf. Law § 516-a — Reciprocal driver license agreements with provinces of Canada
• N.Y. Veh. & Traf. Law § 516-b — Reciprocal agreements concerning reporting of traffic offenses and administrative action thereon
• N.Y. Veh. & Traf. Law § 517 — Interstate compact guaranteeing appearance
• N.Y. Veh. & Traf. Law § 518 — Reciprocal agreements concerning suspension or revocation of registration of a motor vehicle for violations of toll collection regulations
• N.Y. Veh. & Traf. Law § 520 — Statement of findings and declaration of purpose
• N.Y. Veh. & Traf. Law § 523 — Reports
• N.Y. Veh. & Traf. Law § 523-a — Driver improvement clinic programs
• N.Y. Veh. & Traf. Law § 523-b — Experimental driver safety programs
• N.Y. Veh. & Traf. Law § 530 — Restricted use licenses
• N.Y. Veh. & Traf. Law § 540 — Creation
• N.Y. Veh. & Traf. Law § 541 — Purpose
• N.Y. Veh. & Traf. Law § 542 — Composition of the board
• N.Y. Veh. & Traf. Law § 543 — Appointment; compensation; meetings
• N.Y. Veh. & Traf. Law § 544 — Responsibilities
• N.Y. Veh. & Traf. Law § 545 — Immunity
• N.Y. Veh. & Traf. Law § 546 — Escort certificates
• N.Y. Veh. & Traf. Law § 547 — Period of validity of escort certificates
• N.Y. Veh. & Traf. Law § 548 — Fees
• N.Y. Veh. & Traf. Law § 549 — Cancellation of an escort certificate
• N.Y. Veh. & Traf. Law § 550 — Recertification
• N.Y. Veh. & Traf. Law § 551 — Violations
• N.Y. Veh. & Traf. Law § 600 — Leaving scene of an incident without reporting
• N.Y. Veh. & Traf. Law § 601 — Leaving scene of injury to certain animals without reporting
• N.Y. Veh. & Traf. Law § 602 — Arrest for violations of sections six hundred and six hundred one
• N.Y. Veh. & Traf. Law § 603 — Accidents; police authorities and coroners to report
• N.Y. Veh. & Traf. Law § 603-a — Accidents; police authorities to investigate
• N.Y. Veh. & Traf. Law § 603-b — Accidents; police to indicate serious physical injury and death on simplified traffic information or summons and compliant
• N.Y. Veh. & Traf. Law § 604 — Reports; contents; preparation; distribution; filing
• N.Y. Veh. & Traf. Law § 605 — Report required upon accident
• N.Y. Veh. & Traf. Law § 606 — Processing of required reports
• N.Y. Veh. & Traf. Law § 1100 — Provisions of title refer to vehicles upon highways; exceptions
• N.Y. Veh. & Traf. Law § 1101 — Required obedience to traffic laws
• N.Y. Veh. & Traf. Law § 1102 — Obedience to police officers and flagpersons
• N.Y. Veh. & Traf. Law § 1103 — Public officers and employees to obey title; exceptions
• N.Y. Veh. & Traf. Law § 1104 — Authorized emergency vehicles
• N.Y. Veh. & Traf. Law § 1105 — Traffic laws apply to persons riding animals or driving animal-drawn vehicles
• N.Y. Veh. & Traf. Law § 1110 — Obedience to and required traffic-control devices
• N.Y. Veh. & Traf. Law § 1111 — Traffic-control signal indications
• N.Y. Veh. & Traf. Law § 1111-a — Owner liability for failure of operator to comply with traffic-control indications
• N.Y. Veh. & Traf. Law § 1111-b — Owner liability for failure of operator to comply with traffic-control indications
• N.Y. Veh. & Traf. Law § 1111-b — Owner liability for failure of operator to comply with traffic-control indications
• N.Y. Veh. & Traf. Law § 1111-b — Owner liability for failure of operator to comply with traffic-control indications
• N.Y. Veh. & Traf. Law § 1111-c — Owner liability for failure of operator to comply with bus lane restrictions
• N.Y. Veh. & Traf. Law § 1111-C-1 — Owner liability for failure of operator to comply with bus operation-related traffic regulations
• N.Y. Veh. & Traf. Law § 1111-d — Owner liability for failure of operator to comply with traffic-control indications
• N.Y. Veh. & Traf. Law § 1111-d — Owner liability for failure of operator to comply with traffic-control indications
• N.Y. Veh. & Traf. Law § 1111-d — Owner liability for failure of operator to comply with traffic-control indications
• N.Y. Veh. & Traf. Law § 1111-e — Owner liability for failure of operator to comply with traffic-control indications
• N.Y. Veh. & Traf. Law § 1111-f — Owner liability for failure of operator to comply with traffic-control indications
• N.Y. Veh. & Traf. Law § 1111-g — Owner liability for failure of operator to comply with traffic-control indications
• N.Y. Veh. & Traf. Law § 1111-g — Owner liability for failure of operator to comply with traffic-control indications
• N.Y. Veh. & Traf. Law § 1111-h — Owner liability for failure of operator to comply with traffic-control indications; town of Greenburgh
• N.Y. Veh. & Traf. Law § 1111-i — Owner liability for failure of operator to comply with traffic-control indications; village of Croton-on-Hudson
• N.Y. Veh. & Traf. Law § 1111-i — Owner liability for failure of operator to comply with traffic-control indications; city of Peekskill
• N.Y. Veh. & Traf. Law § 1111-j — Owner liability for failure of operator to comply with traffic-control indications; town of Woodbury
• N.Y. Veh. & Traf. Law § 1111-j — Owner liability for failure of operator to comply with traffic-control indications; city of Ithaca
• N.Y. Veh. & Traf. Law § 1111-j — Owner liability for failure of operator to comply with traffic-control indications; city of Poughkeepsie
• N.Y. Veh. & Traf. Law § 1111-j — Owner liability for failure of operator to comply with traffic-control indications; town of Palm Tree
• N.Y. Veh. & Traf. Law § 1112 — Pedestrian-control signal indications
• N.Y. Veh. & Traf. Law § 1113 — Flashing signal indications
• N.Y. Veh. & Traf. Law § 1114 — Display of unauthorized signs, signals, or markings
• N.Y. Veh. & Traf. Law § 1115 — Interference with official traffic-control devices, railroad signs or signals and other highway appurtenances
• N.Y. Veh. & Traf. Law § 1116 — Lane-use control signal indications
• N.Y. Veh. & Traf. Law § 1117 — Traffic-control signals; malfunction
• N.Y. Veh. & Traf. Law § 1120 — Drive on right side of roadway; exceptions
• N.Y. Veh. & Traf. Law § 1121 — Passing vehicles proceeding in opposite directions
• N.Y. Veh. & Traf. Law § 1122 — Overtaking a vehicle on the left
• N.Y. Veh. & Traf. Law § 1122-a — Overtaking a bicycle