New York Judiciary Law

Every section of the New York Judiciary Law, in order — 543 sections. Source: NY Senate Open Legislation, current through November 4, 2026.

• N.Y. Jud. Law § 1 — Short title
• N.Y. Jud. Law § 1-a — Definition
• N.Y. Jud. Law § 2 — Courts of record
• N.Y. Jud. Law § 2-a — Jurisdiction and powers of courts continued
• N.Y. Jud. Law § 2-b — General powers of courts of record
• N.Y. Jud. Law § 3 — Use of term "court" prohibited
• N.Y. Jud. Law § 4 — Sittings of courts to be public
• N.Y. Jud. Law § 4-a — Certain powers of the courts regarding civil arrests
• N.Y. Jud. Law § 5 — Courts not to sit on Sunday except in special cases nor on Saturday in certain cases
• N.Y. Jud. Law § 6 — Adjournment of term of court of record to future day
• N.Y. Jud. Law § 7 — Adjournment of term on non-appearance of judge
• N.Y. Jud. Law § 7-a — Vacancies or changes in judges; power of judge out of office
• N.Y. Jud. Law § 7-b — Continuance of out of court proceedings before judges of same court
• N.Y. Jud. Law § 7-c — Continuance of special proceeding before another officer
• N.Y. Jud. Law § 8 — Emergency relocations of court terms
• N.Y. Jud. Law § 9 — Recusal; reason
• N.Y. Jud. Law § 10 — Courtroom designated the "Judge James F
• N.Y. Jud. Law § 13 — Court or judge may direct the filing of original stenographic minutes with clerk
• N.Y. Jud. Law § 13-a — Power to remove certain officers and to appoint successors
• N.Y. Jud. Law § 13-b — Oath of referee, receiver, commissioner or appraiser
• N.Y. Jud. Law § 14 — Disqualification of judge by reason of interest or consanguinity
• N.Y. Jud. Law § 15 — Judge of court of record not disqualified because a resident or a taxpayer
• N.Y. Jud. Law § 16 — Judge prohibited from practicing law in his court
• N.Y. Jud. Law § 17 — Judge prohibited from practicing in cause which has been before him
• N.Y. Jud. Law § 18 — Judge prohibited from taking fees for advice in matters before him
• N.Y. Jud. Law § 19 — Judge must not be interested in costs
• N.Y. Jud. Law § 20 — Ex officio judge must not be interested in costs or compensation of attorneys or counsellors in his court
• N.Y. Jud. Law § 21 — Judge other than of court of appeals or appellate division not to decide question argued during his absence
• N.Y. Jud. Law § 22 — Certificates as to year of birth to be filed by certain judicial officers
• N.Y. Jud. Law § 23 — Age limitation on term of judicial office
• N.Y. Jud. Law § 24 — Compensation of judges after removal
• N.Y. Jud. Law § 25 — Retirement of state-paid full-time judges or justices of the unified court system and housing judges appointed pursuant to subdivision (f...
• N.Y. Jud. Law § 25-a — Retirement of judicial officers
• N.Y. Jud. Law § 27 — Except as provided in subdivision (b) of this section, judgments and accounts must be computed in dollars and cents
• N.Y. Jud. Law § 28 — Amendment of minutes of stenographer
• N.Y. Jud. Law § 29 — Seal of court of record
• N.Y. Jud. Law § 30 — Lost or destroyed seal must be replaced
• N.Y. Jud. Law § 30-a — Seal of Kings county and of the county clerk, the supreme court and the county court in said county
• N.Y. Jud. Law § 30-b — Seal of New York county and of the county clerk and the supreme court
• N.Y. Jud. Law § 30-c — Seal of Franklin county and of the county clerk and the supreme court
• N.Y. Jud. Law § 30-d — Seal of Albany county and of the county clerk and the supreme court
• N.Y. Jud. Law § 30-e — Seal of Livingston county and of the county clerk and the supreme court
• N.Y. Jud. Law § 30-f — Seal of Cortland county and of the county clerk, the supreme court and the county court in said county
• N.Y. Jud. Law § 31 — Seals and records of former superior city courts
• N.Y. Jud. Law § 33 — Expense of certain criminal prosecutions to be borne by the state
• N.Y. Jud. Law § 34 — Apportionment of expenses related to salaries or compensation paid by the state in the first instance
• N.Y. Jud. Law § 35 — Assignment of counsel to indigent persons and appointment of physicians in certain proceedings
• N.Y. Jud. Law § 35-a — Statements to be filed by judges or justices fixing or approving fees, commissions, or other compensation for persons appointed by courts...
• N.Y. Jud. Law § 35-b — Assignment of counsel and related services in criminal actions in which a death sentence may be imposed
• N.Y. Jud. Law § 36 — Personal assistants to judges and justices
• N.Y. Jud. Law § 37 — Salary plan for non-judicial employees
• N.Y. Jud. Law § 39 — Unified court budget; first instance payments by state; provision for prepayment; payment by localities; transfer of non-judicial personnel
• N.Y. Jud. Law § 39-a — Mediation
• N.Y. Jud. Law § 39-b — Special provisions relating to court facilities
• N.Y. Jud. Law § 40 — Definitions
• N.Y. Jud. Law § 40-a — Recycled products
• N.Y. Jud. Law § 41 — State commission on judicial conduct; organization
• N.Y. Jud. Law § 42 — Functions; powers and duties
• N.Y. Jud. Law § 43 — Panels; referees
• N.Y. Jud. Law § 44 — Complaint; investigation; hearing and disposition
• N.Y. Jud. Law § 45 — Confidentiality of records
• N.Y. Jud. Law § 46 — Breach of confidentiality of commission information
• N.Y. Jud. Law § 47 — Resignation not to divest commission or court of appeals of jurisdiction
• N.Y. Jud. Law § 48 — Courts on the judiciary; former commission on judicial conduct; jurisdiction and powers
• N.Y. Jud. Law § 51 — Court of appeals may make rules of practice for its court
• N.Y. Jud. Law § 52 — General rule or order of court of appeals must be published
• N.Y. Jud. Law § 53 — Rule-making power of court of appeals as to admission of attorneys and counsellors
• N.Y. Jud. Law § 54 — Terms of court of appeals
• N.Y. Jud. Law § 55 — Chambers for judges of court of appeals
• N.Y. Jud. Law § 56 — Court of appeals to appoint state board of law examiners
• N.Y. Jud. Law § 57 — Appointment of clerks, messenger and attendants
• N.Y. Jud. Law § 58 — Appointment of clerks to judges of court of appeals
• N.Y. Jud. Law § 59 — Duty of court of appeals to direct action on forfeiture of bond given by clerk of court
• N.Y. Jud. Law § 60 — Court of appeals building
• N.Y. Jud. Law § 61 — Definitions
• N.Y. Jud. Law § 62 — Organization of the commission
• N.Y. Jud. Law § 63 — Functions of the commission
• N.Y. Jud. Law § 64 — Additional functions of the commission
• N.Y. Jud. Law § 65 — Rules of the commission
• N.Y. Jud. Law § 66 — Confidentiality of proceedings and records
• N.Y. Jud. Law § 67 — Breach of confidentiality of commission information
• N.Y. Jud. Law § 68 — Procedures when vacancies occur
• N.Y. Jud. Law § 70 — Judicial departments
• N.Y. Jud. Law § 71 — Designations by governor of justices of appellate division
• N.Y. Jud. Law § 72 — Revocation of designation of justice of appellate division
• N.Y. Jud. Law § 75 — Location of appellate court in each department
• N.Y. Jud. Law § 76 — Appellate division may compel sheriff to attend to room in which court is held
• N.Y. Jud. Law § 77 — Courthouse of appellate division in first department
• N.Y. Jud. Law § 78 — Justices of appellate division in first department may make rules for management of law libraries and court-houses of appellate division ...
• N.Y. Jud. Law § 79 — Appointment of terms of appellate division in each department
• N.Y. Jud. Law § 80 — Time for appointment of terms of appellate division in the first department
• N.Y. Jud. Law § 81 — Associate justice of appellate division to preside in absence of presiding justice
• N.Y. Jud. Law § 82 — Quorum and number necessary to a sitting and decision of appellate division
• N.Y. Jud. Law § 85 — Power of appellate division as to calendars and administration of justice
• N.Y. Jud. Law § 86 — Designation by appellate division of special and trial terms of the supreme court
• N.Y. Jud. Law § 88 — Designation by presiding justice of appellate division of justice to hold term of supreme court
• N.Y. Jud. Law § 89 — Disposition of records, books and papers; rules
• N.Y. Jud. Law § 90 — Admission to and removal from practice by appellate division; character committees
• N.Y. Jud. Law § 91 — Designation and compensation of papers in first, second, tenth and eleventh judicial districts for publication of calendars and notices
• N.Y. Jud. Law § 92 — General powers conferred upon presiding justice and appellate division in first department
• N.Y. Jud. Law § 93 — Appointment of clerks and deputy clerks of the appellate divisions
• N.Y. Jud. Law § 94 — Appointment of clerical and other assistants of appellate division in first department
• N.Y. Jud. Law § 95 — Appointment of clerical and other assistants of appellate division in second department
• N.Y. Jud. Law § 97 — Appointment of consultation clerks in third and fourth departments
• N.Y. Jud. Law § 98 — Appointment of confidential stenographer and assistant deputy clerk in third and fourth judicial departments
• N.Y. Jud. Law § 99 — Appointment of attendants by justices of the appellate division
• N.Y. Jud. Law § 99-a — Appointment of employees of appellate divisions in the third and fourth departments
• N.Y. Jud. Law § 100 — Power of justices of appellate division of first department to appoint confidential clerk of the appellate term
• N.Y. Jud. Law § 101 — Power of justices of appellate division of second department to appoint clerical and other personnel of the appellate term
• N.Y. Jud. Law § 102 — Power of justices of appellate division in first department to appoint special deputy clerks for each part or term of the supreme court i...
• N.Y. Jud. Law § 103 — Power of justices of appellate division in first department to designate supreme court jury clerk
• N.Y. Jud. Law § 104 — Power of justices of appellate division in first department to appoint stenographers for the supreme court
• N.Y. Jud. Law § 105 — Power of justices of appellate division in first department to appoint typists
• N.Y. Jud. Law § 106 — Power of justices of appellate division in first department to appoint interpreters for supreme court
• N.Y. Jud. Law § 107 — Power of justices of appellate division in first department to regulate attendance and duties of officers of supreme court in first district
• N.Y. Jud. Law § 108 — Retirement of officers and employees by the justices of the appellate division, first department
• N.Y. Jud. Law § 109 — Appointment of a calendar clerk in the ninth judicial district
• N.Y. Jud. Law § 114 — Retired judges of the court of appeals
• N.Y. Jud. Law § 115 — Retired justices of the supreme court
• N.Y. Jud. Law § 116 — Official referees
• N.Y. Jud. Law § 117 — Powers of official referees
• N.Y. Jud. Law § 118 — Expenses of official referees of the supreme court
• N.Y. Jud. Law § 119 — Official referees of the city court of the city of New York
• N.Y. Jud. Law § 120 — Official referees of the court of claims
• N.Y. Jud. Law § 121 — Official referees of the municipal court of the city of New York
• N.Y. Jud. Law § 121-a — Assignment of official referees
• N.Y. Jud. Law § 122 — Compensation of official referees
• N.Y. Jud. Law § 123 — Restrictions on official referees
• N.Y. Jud. Law § 124 — Suspension and removal of official referees
• N.Y. Jud. Law § 125 — Future official referees
• N.Y. Jud. Law § 140 — Division of state into judicial districts
• N.Y. Jud. Law § 140-a — Number of supreme court justices in each judicial district
• N.Y. Jud. Law § 140-b — General jurisdiction of supreme court
• N.Y. Jud. Law § 141 — Designation of supreme court justices to hold court in another county
• N.Y. Jud. Law § 147 — Holding special and trial terms
• N.Y. Jud. Law § 147-a — Powers of justice of supreme court
• N.Y. Jud. Law § 148 — Trial term may be held in parts
• N.Y. Jud. Law § 149 — Governor may appoint extraordinary terms and name justices to hold them
• N.Y. Jud. Law § 150 — Printing calendars in certain counties
• N.Y. Jud. Law § 151 — Publishing calendars in Monroe county
• N.Y. Jud. Law § 152 — Publishing calendars in Erie county
• N.Y. Jud. Law § 153 — Records kept by special deputy clerks shall be part of records of supreme court
• N.Y. Jud. Law § 154 — Duty of supreme court justices in first judicial district to enforce rules made by appellate division of first department
• N.Y. Jud. Law § 155 — Supreme court seal
• N.Y. Jud. Law § 156 — Appointment of special deputy clerks for the supreme court in Queens county
• N.Y. Jud. Law § 158 — Appointment of calendar clerk for Westchester county in the ninth judicial district
• N.Y. Jud. Law § 158-a — Appointment of calendar clerk for Dutchess county in the ninth judicial district
• N.Y. Jud. Law § 158-b — Appointment of calendar clerk for Schenectady county in the fourth judicial district
• N.Y. Jud. Law § 158-c — Appointment of calendar clerk for Putnam county and other necessary assistants
• N.Y. Jud. Law § 160 — Appointment of temporary stenographer where official stenographer fails to attend term
• N.Y. Jud. Law § 161 — Amount spent for services of temporary stenographer to be deducted from salary of official stenographer
• N.Y. Jud. Law § 162 — Justice of supreme court to certify amount of expenses of stenographer attending term
• N.Y. Jud. Law § 163 — Justices of supreme court in third and fourth judicial districts to certify to the department of taxation and finance amount of salaries ...
• N.Y. Jud. Law § 164 — Emergency stenographers in criminal cases
• N.Y. Jud. Law § 165 — Power of supreme court justices in Nassau county to appoint law stenographers and typists
• N.Y. Jud. Law § 165-a — Power of supreme court justices in Dutchess county to appoint law stenographers and typists
• N.Y. Jud. Law § 165-b — Power of supreme court justices in Rockland county to appoint law stenographers and typists
• N.Y. Jud. Law § 165-c — Power of supreme court justices in Putnam county to appoint law stenographers and typists
• N.Y. Jud. Law § 165-d — Power of supreme court justices in Orange county to appoint law stenographers and typists
• N.Y. Jud. Law § 165-e — Power of supreme court justices in Westchester county to appoint secretarial assistants
• N.Y. Jud. Law § 166 — Power of supreme court justices in first judicial district to appoint attendants for supreme court
• N.Y. Jud. Law § 167 — Powers of supreme court justices in the third judicial district residing in Albany and Rensselaer counties to appoint confidential court ...
• N.Y. Jud. Law § 168 — Classification of certain attendants
• N.Y. Jud. Law § 168 — Power of supreme court justices in Kings, Queens, Richmond, Nassau and Suffolk counties to appoint court officers
• N.Y. Jud. Law § 169 — Continuation in office of certain attendants and clerks
• N.Y. Jud. Law § 170 — Power of supreme court justices in Rockland county to appoint court officer or attendant
• N.Y. Jud. Law § 171 — Powers of supreme court justices residing in Erie county to appoint court officers to attend terms
• N.Y. Jud. Law § 172 — Power of supreme court justices residing in Kings and Queens counties to appoint interpreters
• N.Y. Jud. Law § 173 — Power of supreme court justices residing in Erie county together with county judge of Erie county to appoint criers
• N.Y. Jud. Law § 173-a — Power of supreme court justices in Erie county to appoint a secretary and junior secretaries to such justices
• N.Y. Jud. Law § 173-b — Power of supreme court justices of the eight judicial district to appoint a confidential law assistant to such justices
• N.Y. Jud. Law § 173-c — Power of supreme court trial justices of eighth judicial district to appoint stenographers
• N.Y. Jud. Law § 174 — Maintenance of supreme court house building in Kings county
• N.Y. Jud. Law § 176 — Justices of city court of the city of New York
• N.Y. Jud. Law § 177 — Commissioner of records of city court of the city of New York; appointment; salary; duties
• N.Y. Jud. Law § 177-a — Declaration of legislative findings and intent
• N.Y. Jud. Law § 177-b — Special narcotics parts; establishment
• N.Y. Jud. Law § 177-c — Special narcotics parts; prosecutorial organization
• N.Y. Jud. Law § 177-d — Special narcotics parts; procedure
• N.Y. Jud. Law § 179 — Surrogates, New York county and Kings county
• N.Y. Jud. Law § 180 — Surrogates, New York county; vacancies
• N.Y. Jud. Law § 181 — Surrogate's court, New York county; expenses
• N.Y. Jud. Law § 182 — Number of judges of the county court in each county
• N.Y. Jud. Law § 183-a — Compensation of certain district attorneys
• N.Y. Jud. Law § 184 — Number of judges of the surrogate's court, county judges to serve as judges of surrogate's court
• N.Y. Jud. Law § 185 — Separate office of surrogate in the counties of Chautauqua, Nassau and Rockland
• N.Y. Jud. Law § 186 — Offices of county judge and surrogate in Fulton county combined
• N.Y. Jud. Law § 188 — Additional duties of surrogate of Clinton county
• N.Y. Jud. Law § 190 — Jurisdiction of county court
• N.Y. Jud. Law § 190-a — When domestic or foreign corporation or joint-stock association deemed resident
• N.Y. Jud. Law § 190-b — Power of county court and county judge co-extensive with that of supreme court and supreme court justice
• N.Y. Jud. Law § 190-c — Terms of county court
• N.Y. Jud. Law § 190-d — Place of holding terms of county court
• N.Y. Jud. Law § 190-e — Appointment of term to be filed with county clerk
• N.Y. Jud. Law § 190-f — Terms of county court in Erie, Onondaga, Monroe, Nassau and Suffolk counties may be held in parts
• N.Y. Jud. Law § 191 — Power of county judge to hear special proceeding that supreme court justice can hear at chambers
• N.Y. Jud. Law § 193 — Incapacity, disqualification or absence of the county judges of Suffolk, Dutchess, Ulster and Schenectady counties
• N.Y. Jud. Law § 194 — Printing calendar of county court
• N.Y. Jud. Law § 195 — County court seal
• N.Y. Jud. Law § 197 — Appointment of confidential clerks by county judges of Kings, Queens, Erie, Monroe, Nassau, Onondaga, Rockland, Dutchess and Saint Lawren...